c++: constrained memfn vs corresponding using [PR121351]

The b.f(42) calls in the below testcases started to get rejected as
ambiguous after r15-3740 which corrected our inheritedness tiebreaker to
only apply to constructors (and not all member functions) as per CWG2273.

But arguably these calls should still be valid regardless of the
tiebreaker because B::f corresponds to and therefore hides A::f, so
there should only be a single candidate in the first place.  This
doesn't happen because when determining correspondence we compare
the members' uninstantiated constraints instead of their partially
substituted constraints as in other declaration matching situations.
It doesn't really make sense to compare uninstantiated constraints
from two different template contexts.

This patch fixes this by substituting in outer template arguments before
comparing constraints of two potentially corresponding member functions.

	PR c++/121351
	PR c++/119859

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	* class.cc (add_method): Substitute outer template arguments
	into constraints before comparing them if the declarations are
	from different classes.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* g++.dg/cpp2a/concepts-using5.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp2a/concepts-using5a.C: New test.

Reviewed-by: Jason Merrill <[email protected]>

Author: Patrick Palka

gcc/cp/class.cc

@@ -1356,7 +1356,30 @@ add_method (tree type, tree method, bool via_using)
       if (!compparms (parms1, parms2))
 	continue;
 
-      if (!equivalently_constrained (fn, method))
+      tree fn_constraints = get_constraints (fn);
+      tree method_constraints = get_constraints (method);
+
+      if (fn_constraints && method_constraints
+	  && DECL_CONTEXT (fn) != type
+	  && !processing_template_decl)
+	{
+	  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
+	    ++processing_template_decl;
+	  if (tree ti = CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (DECL_CONTEXT (fn)))
+	    fn_constraints = tsubst_constraint_info (fn_constraints,
+						     TI_ARGS (ti),
+						     tf_warning_or_error,
+						     fn);
+	  if (tree ti = CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INFO (DECL_CONTEXT (method)))
+	    method_constraints = tsubst_constraint_info (method_constraints,
+							 TI_ARGS (ti),
+							 tf_warning_or_error,
+							 method);
+	  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
+	    --processing_template_decl;
+	}
+
+      if (!equivalent_constraints (fn_constraints, method_constraints))
 	{
 	  if (processing_template_decl)
 	    /* We can't check satisfaction in dependent context, wait until

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/concepts-using5.C

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// PR c++/121351
+// { dg-do compile { target c++20 } }
+
+template<class T> concept C = true;
+
+template<class T>
+struct A {
+  template<class U> void f(U) requires C<T> = delete; // #1
+};
+
+struct B : A<int> {
+  using A::f;
+  template<class U> void f(U) requires C<int>; // #2
+};
+
+int main() {
+  B b;
+  b.f(42); // OK, #2 corresponds to and therefore hides #1
+}

gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/cpp2a/concepts-using5a.C

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// PR c++/121351
+// { dg-do compile { target c++20 } }
+// A version of concepts-using5a.C where B instead of A is a template.
+
+template<class T> concept C = true;
+
+struct A {
+  template<class U> void f(U) requires C<int> = delete; // #1
+};
+
+template<class T>
+struct B : A {
+  using A::f;
+  template<class U> void f(U) requires C<T>; // #2
+};
+
+int main() {
+  B<int> b;
+  b.f(42); // OK, #2 corresponds to and therefore hides #1
+}