fix(@angular/build): bundle polyfills to preserve execution order in dev server

When using the development server with ESM, polyfills were built as a mix of bundled local files and external package imports. Due to ESM hoisting behavior, all top-level import statements are executed before any other code in the module. This caused polyfills that modify global state (like zone-flags.js) to run after the polyfills they were intended to configure (like zone.js), rendering the flags ineffective.

This change ensures that all polyfills are bundled together into the single polyfills.js file when using the development server, matching the behavior of the production build and preserving the intended execution order.

Closes angular#32632

(cherry picked from commit ec289c3)

Author: alan-agius4

packages/angular/build/src/tools/esbuild/application-code-bundle.ts

@@ -654,9 +654,13 @@ function getEsBuildCommonPolyfillsOptions(
   tryToResolvePolyfillsAsRelative: boolean,
   loadResultCache: LoadResultCache | undefined,
 ): BuildOptions | undefined {
-  const { jit, workspaceRoot, i18nOptions, externalPackages } = options;
+  const { jit, workspaceRoot, i18nOptions } = options;
 
-  const buildOptions = getEsBuildCommonOptions(options);
+  const buildOptions = getEsBuildCommonOptions({
+    ...options,
+    externalPackages: false,
+  });
+  buildOptions.packages = 'bundle';
   buildOptions.splitting = false;
   buildOptions.plugins ??= [];
 
@@ -671,10 +675,8 @@ function getEsBuildCommonPolyfillsOptions(
   // Locale data should go first so that project provided polyfill code can augment if needed.
   let needLocaleDataPlugin = false;
   if (i18nOptions.shouldInline) {
-    if (!externalPackages) {
-      // Remove localize polyfill when i18n inline transformation have been applied to all the packages.
-      polyfills = polyfills.filter((path) => !path.startsWith('@angular/localize'));
-    }
+    // Remove localize polyfill when i18n inline transformation have been applied to all the packages.
+    polyfills = polyfills.filter((path) => !path.startsWith('@angular/localize'));
 
     // Add locale data for all active locales
     // TODO: Inject each individually within the inlining process itself