feat(sql): implement TypeID specification 0.3.0 in typeid-sql (#537)

## Summary

Implement [TypeID specification
0.3.0](https://github.com/jetify-com/typeid/tree/85d564039674e6f0b972e7b3e3e2bcadd8c176dc/spec#readme)
in `typeid-sql`.

> [!NOTE]
> _PLEASE_ tag the repository with the specification and provide a
changelog. 🙏

## How was it tested?

```sh
yarn install
yarn test
```

## Community Contribution License

All community contributions in this pull request are licensed to the
project maintainers under the terms of the [Apache 2
License](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).

By creating this pull request I represent that I have the right to
license the contributions to the project maintainers under the Apache 2
License as stated in the [Community Contribution
License](https://github.com/jetify-com/opensource/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#community-contribution-license).

Author: joschi

typeid/typeid-sql/README.md

@@ -144,6 +144,27 @@ Then you can add in [the operator overload functions for typeid](https://github.
 Some users have reported issues with the above operator when using Rails and ActiveRecord – we
 recommend removing `COMMUTATOR` from the operator definition if you encounter issues.
 
+## Tests
+
+The tests in [`supabase/tests/`](./supabase/tests/) are using [pgTAP](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/database/extensions/pgtap) as test runner.
+
+You need to install the development dependencies:
+```sh
+yarn install
+```
+
+Afterwards you can run the tests with the command:
+```sh
+yarn test
+```
+
+If you need to reset the database after changing the migrations in [`sql/`](./sql/), you can do so with the following command:
+```sh
+yarn test:reset
+```
+
+See also [Testing Your Database](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/database/testing) for more details.
+
 ## Future work (contributions welcome)
 
 -   Include examples not just for Postgres, but for other databases like MySQL as well.

typeid/typeid-sql/package.json

@@ -3,5 +3,11 @@
   "version": "0.1.0",
   "devDependencies": {
     "supabase": "^1.153.4"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test": "supabase start && supabase test db && supabase stop",
+    "test:start": "supabase start && supabase test db",
+    "test:stop": "supabase stop",
+    "test:reset": "supabase db reset"
   }
 }

typeid/typeid-sql/sql/03_typeid.sql

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
 create type "typeid" as ("type" varchar(63), "uuid" uuid);
 
 -- Function that generates a random typeid of the given type.
--- This depends on the `uuid_generate_v7` function defined in `uuid_v7.sql`.
+-- This depends on the `uuid_generate_v7` function defined in `01_uuidv7.sql`.
 create or replace function typeid_generate(prefix text)
 returns typeid
 as $$
 begin
-  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^[a-z]{0,63}$') then
-    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}';
+  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$') then
+    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$';
   end if;
   return (prefix, uuid_generate_v7())::typeid;
 end
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ create or replace function typeid_generate_text(prefix text)
 returns text
 as $$
 begin
-  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^[a-z]{0,63}$') then
-    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}';
+  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$') then
+    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$';
   end if;
   return typeid_print((prefix, uuid_generate_v7())::typeid);
 end
@@ -73,21 +73,26 @@ as $$
 declare
   prefix text;
   suffix text;
+  matches text[];
 begin
   if (typeid_str is null) then
     return null;
   end if;
   if position('_' in typeid_str) = 0 then
     return ('', base32_decode(typeid_str))::typeid;
   end if;
-  prefix = split_part(typeid_str, '_', 1);
-  suffix = split_part(typeid_str, '_', 2);
+  matches = regexp_match(typeid_str, '^(.*)_(.*)$');
+  if array_length(matches, 1) != 2 then
+    raise exception 'invalid typeid';
+  end if;
+  prefix = matches[1];
+  suffix = matches[2];
   if prefix is null or prefix = '' then
     raise exception 'typeid prefix cannot be empty with a delimiter';
   end if;
   -- prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}
-  if not prefix ~ '^[a-z]{0,63}$' then
-    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}';
+  if not prefix ~ '^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$' then
+    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$';
   end if;
 
   return (prefix, base32_decode(suffix))::typeid;
@@ -109,8 +114,8 @@ begin
   end if;
   prefix = (tid).type;
   suffix = base32_encode((tid).uuid);
-  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^[a-z]{0,63}$') then
-    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}';
+  if (prefix is null) or not (prefix ~ '^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$') then
+    raise exception 'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$';
   end if;
   if prefix = '' then
     return suffix;

typeid/typeid-sql/supabase/tests/03_typed_text.test.sql

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 -- Start transaction and plan the tests.
 BEGIN;
-SELECT plan(7);
+SELECT plan(9);
 
 create table tests (
     "tid" text CHECK(typeid_check_text(tid, 'generated'))
 );
+
+create table tests_underscores (
+    "tid" text CHECK(typeid_check_text(tid, 'ge_ne_ra_ted'))
+);
+
 -- -- Run tests for typeid_generate_text and typeid_check_text on tests table.
 
 -- - name: generate-text
@@ -17,12 +22,40 @@ SELECT is(
   'Generate typeid text with a specific prefix using typeid_generate_text'
 );
 
+-- - name: generate-text-underscore
+--   typeid: "ge_ne_ra_ted_00000000000000000000000000"
+--   description: "Generate a typeid with a specific prefix with multiple underscores using typeid_generate_text"
+INSERT INTO tests_underscores (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('ge_ne_ra_ted'));
+SELECT is(
+  typeid_check_text((SELECT tid FROM tests_underscores), 'ge_ne_ra_ted'),
+  true,
+  'Generate typeid text with a specific prefix with multiple underscores using typeid_generate_text'
+);
+
 -- - name: generate-text-invalid-prefix
 --   typeid: "12345_00000000000000000000000000"
 --   description: "Attempt to generate a typeid with an invalid prefix"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('12345')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
+  'Generate typeid text with an invalid prefix should throw an error'
+);
+
+-- - name: generate-text-invalid-prefix-leading-underscore
+--   typeid: "_generated_00000000000000000000000000"
+--   description: "Attempt to generate a typeid with an invalid prefix with leading underscore"
+SELECT throws_ok(
+  $$ INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('_generated')); $$,
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
+  'Generate typeid text with an invalid prefix should throw an error'
+);
+
+-- - name: generate-text-invalid-prefix-trailing-underscore
+--   typeid: "generated__00000000000000000000000000"
+--   description: "Attempt to generate a typeid with an invalid prefix with trailing underscore"
+SELECT throws_ok(
+  $$ INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('generated_')); $$,
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Generate typeid text with an invalid prefix should throw an error'
 );
 
@@ -43,7 +76,7 @@ SELECT is(
 -- INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES ('12345_00000000000000000000000000');
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('12345_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-underscore'
 );
 
@@ -62,20 +95,10 @@ SELECT is(
 --   description: "Attempt to generate a typeid with an invalid prefix"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('12345')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Generate typeid text with an invalid prefix should throw an error'
 );
 
--- - name: check-text-valid
---   typeid: "generated_00000000000000000000000000"
---   description: "Check if a generated typeid text is valid"
-INSERT INTO tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate_text('generated'));
-SELECT is(
-  typeid_check_text((SELECT tid FROM tests limit 1), 'generated'),
-  true,
-  'Check if a generated typeid text is valid using typeid_check_text'
-);
-
 
 -- Finish the tests and clean up.
 SELECT * FROM finish();

typeid/typeid-sql/supabase/tests/03_typeid.test.sql

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 -- Start transaction and plan the tests.
 BEGIN;
-SELECT plan(41);
+SELECT plan(44);
 
 create table tests (
     "tid" typeid
@@ -113,6 +113,26 @@ SELECT is(
   'Print valid: valid-alphabet'
 );
 
+-- - name: valid-prefix-underscores
+--   typeid: "pre_fix_0123456789abcdefghjkmnpqrs"
+--   prefix: "pre_fix"
+--   uuid: "0110c853-1d09-52d8-d73e-1194e95b5f19"
+SELECT is(
+  typeid_parse('pre_fix_0123456789abcdefghjkmnpqrs'),
+  ('pre_fix', '0110c853-1d09-52d8-d73e-1194e95b5f19')::typeid,
+  'Parse valid: valid-prefix-underscores'
+);
+SELECT is(
+  typeid_print(('pre_fix', '0110c853-1d09-52d8-d73e-1194e95b5f19')),
+  'pre_fix_0123456789abcdefghjkmnpqrs',
+  'Print valid: valid-alphabet-underscores'
+);
+SELECT is(
+  typeid_print(('pre_____fix', '0110c853-1d09-52d8-d73e-1194e95b5f19')),
+  'pre_____fix_0123456789abcdefghjkmnpqrs',
+  'Print valid: valid-alphabet-underscores'
+);
+
 -- - name: valid-uuidv7
 --   typeid: "prefix_01h455vb4pex5vsknk084sn02q"
 --   prefix: "prefix"
@@ -135,13 +155,13 @@ SELECT is(
 --   description: "The prefix should be lowercase with no uppercase letters"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('PREFIX_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-uppercase'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('PREFIX')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-uppercase'
 );
 
@@ -150,13 +170,13 @@ SELECT throws_ok(
 --   description: "The prefix can't have numbers, it needs to be alphabetic"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('12345_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-numeric'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('12345')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-numeric'
 );
 
@@ -165,28 +185,28 @@ SELECT throws_ok(
 --   description: "The prefix can't have symbols, it needs to be alphabetic"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('pre.fix_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-period'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('pre.fix')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-period'
 );
 
 -- - name: prefix-underscore
 --   typeid: "pre_fix_00000000000000000000000000"
---   description: "The prefix can't have symbols, it needs to be alphabetic"
+--   description: "The prefix can't have leading or trailing underscores"
 SELECT throws_ok(
-  $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('pre_fix_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid suffix must be 26 characters',
+  $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('_prefix')); $$,
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-underscore'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
-  $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('pre_fix')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('prefix_')); $$,
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-underscore'
 );
 
@@ -195,13 +215,13 @@ SELECT throws_ok(
 --   description: "The prefix can only have ascii letters"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('préfix_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-non-ascii'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('préfix')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-non-ascii'
 );
 
@@ -210,13 +230,13 @@ SELECT throws_ok(
 --   description: "The prefix can't have any spaces"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('  prefix_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-spaces'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('  prefix')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-spaces'
 );
 
@@ -226,13 +246,13 @@ SELECT throws_ok(
 --   description: "The prefix can't be 64 characters, it needs to be 63 characters or less"
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_parse('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl_00000000000000000000000000')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-64-chars'
 );
 
 SELECT throws_ok(
   $$ INSERT into tests (tid) VALUES (typeid_generate('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijkl')); $$,
-  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression [a-z]{0,63}',
+  'typeid prefix must match the regular expression ^([a-z]([a-z_]{0,61}[a-z])?)?$',
   'Parse invalid: prefix-64-chars'
 );