[libc++] P2165R4: Update `<tuple>` for interoperability between `tuple` and `tuple-like` types

[frederick-vs-ja]

Link: https://wg21.link/P2165R4

Changes to be done:

• Update basic_common_reference and common_type specializations.
• Constrain tuple_cat, apply, and make_from_tuple.
  • Note that there are already some similar extensions in tuple_cat, and perhaps we want to implement the standard forms in C++23.
• Add new constructors and assignment operators to tuple.
  • P2255R2 made the new constructor conditionally deleted, see [libc++] P2255R2: Changes to Standard library components - tuple.cnstr #130403.
• Add new comparison operators to tuple. Done in release/21.x: [libc++] Implement comparison operators for tuple added in C++23 (#148799) #151808.
  • Note that the new comparison operators are hidden friends, while the old ones are not.