1717This document describes:
1818
1919- The different GPU virtualization techniques
20- - GVT-g mediated pass-through
20+ - GVT-g mediated passthrough
2121- High level design
2222- Key components
2323- GVT-g new architecture differentiation
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Background
4747
4848Intel GVT-g is an enabling technology in emerging graphics
4949virtualization scenarios. It adopts a full GPU virtualization approach
50- based on mediated pass-through technology, to achieve good performance,
50+ based on mediated passthrough technology, to achieve good performance,
5151scalability and secure isolation among Virtual Machines (VMs). A virtual
5252GPU (vGPU), with full GPU features, is presented to each VM so that a
5353native graphics driver can run directly inside a VM.
@@ -161,10 +161,10 @@ also suffers from the following intrinsic limitations:
161161 exhibit quite different performance, which gives rise to a need for a
162162 fine-grained graphics tuning effort.
163163
164- Direct Pass-Through
164+ Direct Passthrough
165165-------------------
166166
167- "Direct pass-through " dedicates the GPU to a single VM, providing full
167+ "Direct passthrough " dedicates the GPU to a single VM, providing full
168168features and good performance, but at the cost of device sharing
169169capability among VMs. Only one VM at a time can use the hardware
170170acceleration capability of the GPU, which is a major limitation of this
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ solution. Intel GVT-d uses this mechanism.
177177 :align: center
178178 :name: gvt-pass-through
179179
180- Pass-Through
180+ Passthrough
181181
182182SR-IOV
183183------
@@ -188,16 +188,16 @@ with each VF directly assignable to a VM.
188188
189189.. _Graphic_mediation :
190190
191- Mediated Pass-Through
191+ Mediated Passthrough
192192*********************
193193
194194Intel GVT-g achieves full GPU virtualization using a "mediated
195- pass-through " technique.
195+ passthrough " technique.
196196
197197Concept
198198=======
199199
200- Mediated pass-through allows a VM to access performance-critical I/O
200+ Mediated passthrough allows a VM to access performance-critical I/O
201201resources (usually partitioned) directly, without intervention from the
202202hypervisor in most cases. Privileged operations from this VM are
203203trapped-and-emulated to provide secure isolation among VMs.
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ trapped-and-emulated to provide secure isolation among VMs.
207207 :align: center
208208 :name: mediated-pass-through
209209
210- Mediated Pass-Through
210+ Mediated Passthrough
211211
212212The Hypervisor must ensure that no vulnerability is exposed when
213213assigning performance-critical resource to each VM. When a
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ Examples of performance-critical I/O resources include the following:
229229 Performance-Critical I/O Resources
230230
231231
232- The key to implementing mediated pass-through for a specific device is
232+ The key to implementing mediated passthrough for a specific device is
233233to define the right policy for various I/O resources.
234234
235235Virtualization Policies for GPU Resources
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ High Level Architecture
317317:numref: `gvt-arch ` shows the overall architecture of GVT-g, based on the
318318ACRN hypervisor, with Service VM as the privileged VM, and multiple user
319319guests. A GVT-g device model working with the ACRN hypervisor,
320- implements the policies of trap and pass-through . Each guest runs the
320+ implements the policies of trap and passthrough . Each guest runs the
321321native graphics driver and can directly access performance-critical
322322resources: the Frame Buffer and Command Buffer, with resource
323323partitioning (as presented later). To protect privileged resources, that
@@ -331,14 +331,14 @@ concurrently with the CPU scheduler in ACRN to share the physical GPU
331331timeslot among the VMs. GVT-g uses the physical GPU to directly execute
332332all the commands submitted from a VM, so it avoids the complexity of
333333emulating the Render Engine, which is the most complex part of the GPU.
334- In the meantime, the resource pass-through of both the Frame Buffer and
334+ In the meantime, the resource passthrough of both the Frame Buffer and
335335Command Buffer minimizes the hypervisor's intervention of CPU accesses,
336336while the GPU scheduler guarantees every VM a quantum time-slice for
337337direct GPU execution. With that, GVT-g can achieve near-native
338338performance for a VM workload.
339339
340340In :numref: `gvt-arch `, the yellow GVT device model works as a client on
341- top of an i915 driver in the Service VM. It has a generic Mediated Pass-Through
341+ top of an i915 driver in the Service VM. It has a generic Mediated Passthrough
342342(MPT) interface, compatible with all types of hypervisors. For ACRN,
343343some extra development work is needed for such MPT interfaces. For
344344example, we need some changes in ACRN-DM to make ACRN compatible with
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ the shadow PTE entries.
795795Per-VM Shadow PPGTT
796796-------------------
797797
798- To support local graphics memory access pass-through , GVT-g implements
798+ To support local graphics memory access passthrough , GVT-g implements
799799per-VM shadow local page tables. The local graphics memory is only
800800accessible from the Render Engine. The local page tables have two-level
801801paging structures, as shown in :numref: `per-vm-shadow `.
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