readme: add some highlevel detail around the boot flow.

Describe the boot flow and manifest.

Signed-off-by: Liam Girdwood <liam.r.girdwood@linux.intel.com>

Author: lrgirdwo

src/init/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# DSP Initialization (`src/init`)
+
+The `src/init` directory contains the generic digital signal processor (DSP) initialization code and firmware metadata structures for Sound Open Firmware (SOF). It acts as the bridge between the underlying RTOS (Zephyr) boot phase and the SOF-specific task scheduling and processing pipelines.
+
+## Architecture and Boot Flow
+
+The firmware initialization architecture relies on the Zephyr RTOS boot sequence. Zephyr handles the very early hardware setup and kernel initialization before invoking SOF-specific routines via Zephyr's `SYS_INIT` macros.
+
+### Primary Core Boot Sequence
+
+The primary entry point for SOF system initialization is `sof_init()`, registered to run at Zephyr's `POST_KERNEL` initialization level. This ensures basic OS primitives (like memory allocators and threads) are available before SOF starts.
+
+`sof_init()` delegates to `primary_core_init()`, which executes the following sequence:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Zephyr as Zephyr RTOS
+    participant sof_init as sof_init (src/init.c)
+    participant pci as primary_core_init
+    participant trace as trace_init
+    participant notify as init_system_notify
+    participant pm as pm_runtime_init
+    participant platform as platform_init
+    participant ams as ams_init
+    participant mbox as mailbox (IPC4)
+    participant task as task_main_start
+
+    Zephyr->>sof_init: SYS_INIT (POST_KERNEL)
+    sof_init->>pci: Initialize Primary Core Context
+
+    pci->>trace: Setup DMA Tracing & Logging
+    pci->>notify: Setup System Notifiers
+    pci->>pm: Initialize Runtime Power Management
+
+    pci->>platform: Platform-Specific HW Config
+    note right of platform: e.g., interrupts, IPC windows (Intel, i.MX)
+
+    pci->>ams: Init Asynchronous Messaging Service
+
+    pci->>mbox: Set Firmware Registers ABI Version
+
+    pci->>task: Start SOF Main Processing Task Loop
+```
+
+1. **Context Initialization**: Sets up the global `struct sof` context.
+2. **Logging and Tracing**: Initializes Zephyr's logging timestamps and SOF's DMA trace infrastructure (`trace_init()`), printing the firmware version and ABI banner.
+3. **System Subsystems**:
+   - Initializes the system notifier (`init_system_notify()`) for inter-component messaging.
+   - Sets up runtime power management (`pm_runtime_init()`).
+4. **Platform-Specific Initialization**: Calls `platform_init()` to allow the specific hardware platform (e.g., Intel cAVS, IMX) to configure its hardware IPs, interrupts, and IPC mailbox memory windows.
+5. **Architectural Handoff**: For IPC4, it sets the Firmware Registers ABI version in the mailbox. It may also unpack boot manifests if configured.
+6. **Task Scheduler**: Finally, it calls `task_main_start()` to kick off the main SOF processing task loop.
+
+### Secondary Core Boot Sequence
+
+For multi-core DSP platforms, secondary cores execute `secondary_core_init()`:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant ZephyrN as Zephyr RTOS (Core N)
+    participant sci as secondary_core_init
+    participant check as check_restore
+    participant notify as init_system_notify
+    participant ll as scheduler_init_ll
+    participant dp as scheduler_dp_init
+    participant idc as idc_init
+
+    ZephyrN->>sci: Core Wake/Boot
+    sci->>check: Cold boot or power restore?
+
+    alt is Power Restore (e.g. D0ix wake)
+        sci->>sci: secondary_core_restore()<br>(Skip full init)
+    else is Cold Boot
+        sci->>notify: Setup Local Core Notifiers
+
+        sci->>ll: Init Low-Latency (LL) Timer Domain
+        sci->>ll: Init LL DMA Domain (if applicable)
+        sci->>dp: Init Data Processing (DP) Scheduler
+
+        sci->>idc: Init Inter-Domain Communication (IDC)
+    end
+```
+
+1. **Power State Checking**: It checks if the core is cold booting or waking up from a low-power restore state (e.g., D0ix) via `check_restore()`. If returning from power off, it restores state without re-allocating core structures.
+2. **Local Subsystem Setup**: Sets up system notifiers for the local core.
+3. **Scheduler Setup**: Initializes the Low-Latency (LL) and Data Processing (DP) schedulers on the secondary core.
+4. **Inter-Core Communication**: Initializes the Inter-Domain Communication (IDC) mechanism (`idc_init()`), allowing cross-core messaging.
+
+### Firmware Extended Manifest (`ext_manifest.c`)
+
+This directory also provides the extended manifest implementation. The manifest consists of structured metadata embedded into the `.fw_metadata` section of the firmware binary.
+
+```mermaid
+classDiagram
+    direction LR
+
+    class fw_metadata {
+        <<Section>>
+        +ext_man_fw_ver
+        +ext_man_cc_ver
+        +ext_man_probe
+        +ext_man_dbg_info
+        +ext_man_config
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_elem_header {
+        +uint32_t type
+        +uint32_t elem_size
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_fw_version {
+        +ext_man_elem_header hdr
+        +sof_ipc_fw_version version
+        +uint32_t flags
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_cc_version {
+        +ext_man_elem_header hdr
+        +sof_ipc_cc_version cc_version
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_probe_support {
+        +ext_man_elem_header hdr
+        +sof_ipc_probe_support probe
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_dbg_abi {
+        +ext_man_elem_header hdr
+        +sof_ipc_user_abi_version dbg_abi
+    }
+
+    class ext_man_config_data {
+        +ext_man_elem_header hdr
+        +config_elem elems[]
+    }
+
+    fw_metadata *-- ext_man_fw_version
+    fw_metadata *-- ext_man_cc_version
+    fw_metadata *-- ext_man_probe_support
+    fw_metadata *-- ext_man_dbg_abi
+    fw_metadata *-- ext_man_config_data
+
+    ext_man_fw_version *-- ext_man_elem_header
+    ext_man_cc_version *-- ext_man_elem_header
+    ext_man_probe_support *-- ext_man_elem_header
+    ext_man_dbg_abi *-- ext_man_elem_header
+    ext_man_config_data *-- ext_man_elem_header
+```
+
+When the host OS (e.g., Linux SOF driver) parses the firmware binary before loading it, it reads these manifest structures to discover firmware capabilities dynamically. The manifest includes:
+
+- **Firmware Version**: Major, minor, micro, tag, and build hashes (`ext_man_fw_ver`).
+- **Compiler Version**: Details of the toolchain used to compile the firmware (`ext_man_cc_ver`).
+- **Probe Info**: Extraction probe configurations and limits (`ext_man_probe`).
+- **Debug ABI**: Supported debugger ABI versions (`ext_man_dbg_info`).
+- **Configuration Dictionary**: Compile-time enabled features and sizing parameters (e.g., `SOF_IPC_MSG_MAX_SIZE`).