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Synchronization in C++

This directory contains examples and explanations of synchronization primitives and patterns in C++.

Topics Covered

  • Mutexes and lock guards
  • Condition variables
  • Producer-consumer (single and multiple threads)
  • Atomics and lock-free programming
  • Semaphores (manual and C++20)

Semaphore Examples

Problem Statement: Limit the number of threads that can access a resource or section of code at the same time (e.g., connection pool, thread pool). Demonstrate with both a portable implementation and C++20's std::counting_semaphore.

  • semaphore_native.cpp: Manual semaphore using mutex and condition_variable (portable, C++11+)
  • semaphore_cpp20.cpp: C++20 std::counting_semaphore (if supported by your compiler), with fallback to portable version

Usage:

  • If your compiler does not support <semaphore>, use the portable version by uncommenting the provided class in semaphore_cpp20.cpp.
  • Both versions provide the same acquire/release API for limiting concurrency.

See code comments for detailed explanations and usage instructions.