🚀 OpenStack Single-Node Deployment using Kolla Ansible

Based on Official Guide: Kolla Ansible 2025.1 Development Quickstart

✅ All-in-One (AIO) Setup | ✅ VirtualBox VM | ✅ Fixed Common Issues

✅ Perfect for Evaluation, Learning Development & Production
🔧 Deploy OpenStack All-in-One with Kolla Ansible — Fast, Reliable & Professional

💡 About Kolla Ansible

Kolla Ansible is an official OpenStack project that uses Ansible to deploy containerized OpenStack services via Docker. It’s ideal for:

Rapid deployment of OpenStack for testing or evaluation.
Consistent, repeatable infrastructure as code.
Production-ready architecture (scalable from single-node to multi-node).

✅ Why Use Kolla Ansible?

Fully automated setup

Built-in high availability (VIP + keepalived)

Easy upgrades and maintenance

Supports Ubuntu, Rocky Linux, CentOS

This guide uses the development-style installation method (cloning from Git) as per the official Kolla Ansible quickstart.

⚙️ Prerequisites

Ensure your VM meets these requirements:

Requirement	Details
OS	Ubuntu 24.04 LTS or Rocky Linux 9
RAM	8 GB or more
Disk	40+ GB free space
Network Interfaces	3 NICs (NAT, Host-Only, Bridged)
User Privileges	Root access or sudo rights

🖥️ Our Environment:

✅ 2+ vCPUs

✅ 8+ GB RAM

✅ 40+ GB Disk

✅ OS: Ubuntu 24.04.X LTS

✅ 3 Network Interfaces (as described)

Interface	Type	IP Address	Purpose
`enp0s3`	NAT	`10.0.2.15`	Internet access
`enp0s8`	Host-Only	`192.168.10.10`	Management network
`enp0s9`	Bridged	`192.168.102.221`	External network for instances

We'll use:

enp0s8 → network_interface
enp0s9 → neutron_external_interface
VIP → 192.168.10.250

Run all commands as root or with sudo.

➕ Step-by-Step Installation

💡 Run all commands as root or use sudo.

1. Update System & Install Dependencies

Update package list

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

Install system build tools and Python dependencies

apt install -y git python3-dev libffi-dev gcc libssl-dev libdbus-glib-1-dev python3-venv

🐧 For Rocky/CentOS, use:

dnf install -y git python3-devel libffi-devel gcc openssl-devel python3-libselinux

2. Create Virtual Environment

python3 -m venv /opt/venv-kolla
source /opt/venv-kolla/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install docker
pip install dbus-python

🔁 Keep this environment activated for all steps!

3. Clone & Install Kolla-Ansible from Git

git clone --branch stable/2025.1 https://opendev.org/openstack/kolla-ansible

Install Python dependencies

pip install ./kolla-ansible

4. Create Config Directory

mkdir -p /etc/kolla
chown $USER:$USER /etc/kolla

5. Copy Configuration Files

cp -r kolla-ansible/etc/kolla/* /etc/kolla/
cp kolla-ansible/ansible/inventory/* .

6. Install Ansible Galaxy Dependencies

kolla-ansible install-deps

7. Generate Passwords

kolla-ansible/tools/generate_passwords.py

🔐 All passwords are now securely generated in /etc/kolla/passwords.yml

8. Configure `globals.yml`

Edit the main config file:

nano /etc/kolla/globals.yml

Update with your settings:

# Base OS for containers
kolla_base_distro: "ubuntu"

# OpenStack release
kolla_install_type: "source"

# Management interface (host-only)
network_interface: "enp0s8"

# External interface for Neutron (bridged, no IP!)
neutron_external_interface: "enp0s9"

# Virtual IP for internal traffic (must be unused)
kolla_internal_vip_address: "192.168.10.250"

# Enable key services
enable_haproxy: "yes"
enable_keystone: "yes"
enable_glance: "yes"
enable_nova: "yes"
enable_neutron: "yes"
enable_placement: "yes"
enable_horizon: "yes"
enable_cinder: "yes"
enable_cinder_backend_lvm: "yes"
enable_heat: "yes"

Save and exit (Ctrl+O, Enter, Ctrl+X).

9. Bootstrap the Server

Installs Docker and other required tools.

kolla-ansible bootstrap-servers -i all-in-one

10. Run Pre-Deployment Checks

kolla-ansible prechecks -i all-in-one

❌ If it fails due to missing Python modules, see Troubleshooting below.

11. Deploy OpenStack

Deploy all services in containers:

kolla-ansible deploy -i all-in-one

🕐 This may take 10–20 minutes.

✅ Wait for: PLAY RECAP with 0 failed tasks.

12. Generate Admin Credentials

kolla-ansible post-deploy -i ~/all-in-one

✅ Output: /etc/kolla/clouds.yaml and /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh

13. Install OpenStack CLI

pip install python-openstackclient -c https://releases.openstack.org/constraints/upper/2025.1

14. Source Admin Environment

source /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh

Test connection:

openstack token issue

✅ You should see a valid authentication token.

15. (Optional) Run Demo Script

Creates sample network, image, and instance.

kolla-ansible/tools/init-runonce

⚠️ Only for testing! Do not run in production.

🔍 Verify & Use OpenStack

Access Horizon Dashboard

Open in browser:

http://192.168.10.10
or
http://192.168.102.221

Username: admin
Password: See /etc/kolla/passwords.yml → keystone_admin_password

Get password:

grep keystone_admin_password /etc/kolla/passwords.yml

🛠 Manage & Maintain Your Cloud

Useful Commands

Task	Command
Redeploy (e.g., after config change)	`kolla-ansible deploy -i ~/all-in-one`
Restart specific service (Nova)	`kolla-ansible deploy -i ~/all-in-one --tags nova`
Stop all containers	`kolla-ansible stop -i ~/all-in-one`
Pull latest images	`kolla-ansible pull -i ~/all-in-one`
View logs	`docker logs <container_name>`
List running containers	`docker ps`

Upgrade OpenStack (Future)

When upgrading to a new version:

# Pull new images
kolla-ansible pull -i ~/all-in-one

# Run upgrade playbook
kolla-ansible upgrade -i ~/all-in-one

⚠️ Always backup first!

🧹 Cleanup / Uninstall

To completely remove OpenStack:

kolla-ansible destroy -i ~/all-in-one --yes-i-really-really-mean-it

⚠️ Warning: This deletes all data, including volumes and databases.

Then remove config and virtual env:

rm -rf /etc/kolla
rm -rf /opt/venv-kolla
rm -rf ~/kolla-ansible

🔧 Troubleshooting & Common Issues

Here are real problems you faced and their perfect fixes, plus other likely issues.

❌ Issue 1: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'docker'`

Error during prechecks:

failed: [localhost] ... ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'docker'

✅ Solution:

Install docker in the Ansible runtime environment:

pip install docker

/opt/ansible-runtime/bin/pip install docker

❌ Issue 2: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dbus'`

Error:

import dbus; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dbus'

✅ Solution:

Install dbus-python in the Ansible runtime:

pip install dbus-python

/opt/ansible-runtime/bin/pip install dbus-python

🔗 Requires system package: libdbus-glib-1-dev (already installed above).

❌ Issue 3: `Inventory path does not exist` during `post-deploy`

Error:

Kolla inventory /etc/kolla/ansible/inventory/all-in-one is invalid: Path does not exist

✅ Solution:

Create the correct directory and copy the file:

mkdir -p /etc/kolla/ansible/inventory
cp all-in-one /etc/kolla/ansible/inventory/all-in-one

Or always specify -i:

kolla-ansible post-deploy -i all-in-one

❌ Issue 4: Neutron external network not working

Symptoms:

Instances can't reach internet
Floating IPs not accessible

✅ Fix:

Ensure neutron_external_interface has no IP address:

ip addr flush dev enp0s9

And disable any network manager control over it.

❌ Issue 5: Time synchronization failure

Error in prechecks about NTP.

✅ Fix:

Enable time sync:

timedatectl set-ntp true
timedatectl status

❌ Issue 6: Not enough memory or disk space

Symptom: Docker fails to start or containers crash.

✅ Fix:

Allocate at least 8GB RAM and 40GB disk to VM.
Monitor usage: df -h, free -h

📜 License & Credits

Guide Version: 2025.1
Author: Sumon Paul
Source: Based on OpenStack Kolla Ansible Docs
License: MIT (Feel free to reuse and modify)

✅ Congratulations!
You’ve successfully deployed a fully functional single-node OpenStack cloud using Kolla Ansible.

Use this environment to learn Nova, Neutron, Cinder, Horizon, and more!

📬 Need Help?
Have questions or improvements? Open an issue or contact me!

✨ Happy Cloud Building!

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🚀 OpenStack Single-Node Deployment using Kolla Ansible

Based on Official Guide: Kolla Ansible 2025.1 Development Quickstart

📌 Table of Contents

💡 About Kolla Ansible

⚙️ Prerequisites

🖥️ Our Environment:

➕ Step-by-Step Installation

1. Update System & Install Dependencies

Update package list

Install system build tools and Python dependencies

2. Create Virtual Environment

3. Clone & Install Kolla-Ansible from Git

Install Python dependencies

4. Create Config Directory

5. Copy Configuration Files

6. Install Ansible Galaxy Dependencies

7. Generate Passwords

8. Configure globals.yml

9. Bootstrap the Server

10. Run Pre-Deployment Checks

11. Deploy OpenStack

12. Generate Admin Credentials

13. Install OpenStack CLI

14. Source Admin Environment

15. (Optional) Run Demo Script

🔍 Verify & Use OpenStack

Access Horizon Dashboard

🛠 Manage & Maintain Your Cloud

Useful Commands

Upgrade OpenStack (Future)

🧹 Cleanup / Uninstall

🔧 Troubleshooting & Common Issues

❌ Issue 1: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'docker'

❌ Issue 2: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dbus'

❌ Issue 3: Inventory path does not exist during post-deploy

❌ Issue 4: Neutron external network not working

❌ Issue 5: Time synchronization failure

❌ Issue 6: Not enough memory or disk space

📜 License & Credits

8. Configure `globals.yml`

❌ Issue 1: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'docker'`

❌ Issue 2: `ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dbus'`

❌ Issue 3: `Inventory path does not exist` during `post-deploy`