Update react-native monorepo (patch) to v0.71.12 (#1713)

* Update react-native monorepo

* Update pods

- RN (+hermes-engine) from 0.71.6 to 0.71.12
- react-native-safe-area-context from 4.5.2 to 4.5.5
- RNCAsyncStorage from 1.18.1 to 1.18.2
- RNCCheckbox from 0.5.15 to 0.5.16

* Bump iOS CI from macos-12 to macos-13

TypeError: str.replace is not a function
    at inlineString (/Users/runner/work/react-native-template-new-architecture/react-native-template-new-architecture/node_modules/@react-native-community/cli-tools/build/errors.js:25:33)

Try to avoid downgrading @react-native-community/cli from 11.2.3

└─┬ [email protected]
  └── @react-native-community/[email protected]

Otherwise switch from 14.2 (default) to 15.0 (beta)	in CI

* Bump README.md RN ver from 0.71.6 to 0.71.12

---------

Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: LeoTM <[email protected]>

Author: renovate[bot]

.github/workflows/ios.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   build-ios:
 
-    runs-on: macos-12
+    runs-on: macos-13
 
     # ruby: 2.7.6, 3.0.4, 3.1.2 (../.ruby-version: 2.7.5)
     # CocoaPods: 1.11.3

README.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 <div align="center">
 
-[![NPM RN pkg ver](https://img.shields.io/badge/React%20Native-0.71.6-red.svg)](https://github.com/facebook/react-native/releases)
+[![NPM RN pkg ver](https://img.shields.io/badge/React%20Native-0.71.12-red.svg)](https://github.com/facebook/react-native/releases)
 [![TypeScript](https://img.shields.io/badge/%3C%2F%3E-TypeScript-%230074c1.svg)](#)
 [![Linter](https://badges.aleen42.com/src/eslint.svg)](#)
 [![Formatter: prettier](https://img.shields.io/badge/Formatter-Prettier-f8bc45.svg)](#)