diff --git a/.eslintrc.js b/.eslintrc.js
index a6d2c177a278..3f3ff7adda01 100644
--- a/.eslintrc.js
+++ b/.eslintrc.js
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ module.exports = {
         // Flow handles these checks for us, so they aren't required
         'no-undef': 'off',
         'no-unreachable': 'off',
+        // Throwing from function or rejecting promises with non-error values could result in unclear error stack traces and lead to harder debugging
+        'prefer-promise-reject-errors': 'error',
+        'no-throw-literal': 'error',
       },
     },
     {
diff --git a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Components/AccessibilityInfo/AccessibilityInfo.js b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Components/AccessibilityInfo/AccessibilityInfo.js
index b6cf4e854e99..02d3a07fcee8 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Components/AccessibilityInfo/AccessibilityInfo.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Components/AccessibilityInfo/AccessibilityInfo.js
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS is not available'));
         }
       });
     }
@@ -119,7 +119,11 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         if (NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid?.isGrayscaleEnabled != null) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isGrayscaleEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isGrayscaleEnabled is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       });
     } else {
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('AccessibilityInfo native module is not available'));
         }
       });
     }
@@ -150,7 +154,11 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         if (NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid?.isInvertColorsEnabled != null) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isInvertColorsEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isInvertColorsEnabled is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       });
     } else {
@@ -161,7 +169,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('AccessibilityInfo native module is not available'));
         }
       });
     }
@@ -181,7 +189,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         if (NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid != null) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isReduceMotionEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('AccessibilityInfo native module is not available'));
         }
       } else {
         if (NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS != null) {
@@ -190,7 +198,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS is not available'));
         }
       }
     });
@@ -208,7 +216,11 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         if (NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid?.isHighTextContrastEnabled != null) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isHighTextContrastEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isHighTextContrastEnabled is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       } else {
         return Promise.resolve(false);
@@ -236,7 +248,11 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS.getCurrentDarkerSystemColorsState is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       }
     });
@@ -264,7 +280,11 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS.getCurrentPrefersCrossFadeTransitionsState is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       }
     });
@@ -289,7 +309,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS is not available'));
         }
       });
     }
@@ -309,7 +329,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         if (NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid != null) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isTouchExplorationEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid is not available'));
         }
       } else {
         if (NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS != null) {
@@ -318,7 +338,7 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
             reject,
           );
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(new Error('NativeAccessibilityManagerIOS is not available'));
         }
       }
     });
@@ -343,10 +363,18 @@ const AccessibilityInfo = {
         ) {
           NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isAccessibilityServiceEnabled(resolve);
         } else {
-          reject(null);
+          reject(
+            new Error(
+              'NativeAccessibilityInfoAndroid.isAccessibilityServiceEnabled is not available',
+            ),
+          );
         }
       } else {
-        reject(null);
+        reject(
+          new Error(
+            'isAccessibilityServiceEnabled is only available on Android',
+          ),
+        );
       }
     });
   },
diff --git a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Debugging/DebuggingOverlayRegistry.js b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Debugging/DebuggingOverlayRegistry.js
index b8cba9961420..e81cb950463b 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/Libraries/Debugging/DebuggingOverlayRegistry.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/Libraries/Debugging/DebuggingOverlayRegistry.js
@@ -332,7 +332,9 @@ class DebuggingOverlayRegistry {
         instance.measure((x, y, width, height, left, top) => {
           // measure can execute callback without any values provided to signal error.
           if (left == null || top == null || width == null || height == null) {
-            reject('Unexpectedly failed to call measure on an instance.');
+            reject(
+              new Error('Unexpectedly failed to call measure on an instance.'),
+            );
           }
 
           resolve({
@@ -480,7 +482,11 @@ class DebuggingOverlayRegistry {
                 width == null ||
                 height == null
               ) {
-                reject('Unexpectedly failed to call measure on an instance.');
+                reject(
+                  new Error(
+                    'Unexpectedly failed to call measure on an instance.',
+                  ),
+                );
               }
 
               resolve({x: left, y: top, width, height});
diff --git a/packages/react-native/Libraries/NativeComponent/NativeComponentRegistryUnstable.js b/packages/react-native/Libraries/NativeComponent/NativeComponentRegistryUnstable.js
index cb6ac57f52ec..183076b80dde 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/Libraries/NativeComponent/NativeComponentRegistryUnstable.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/Libraries/NativeComponent/NativeComponentRegistryUnstable.js
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ export function unstable_hasComponent(name: string): boolean {
       hasNativeComponent = global.__nativeComponentRegistry__hasComponent(name);
       componentNameToExists.set(name, hasNativeComponent);
     } else {
-      throw `unstable_hasComponent('${name}'): Global function is not registered`;
+      throw new Error(
+        `unstable_hasComponent('${name}'): Global function is not registered`,
+      );
     }
   }
   return hasNativeComponent;
diff --git a/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/codegen-utils.js b/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/codegen-utils.js
index bcd6729f150b..2fc48a1d0223 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/codegen-utils.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/codegen-utils.js
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ function getCodegen() /*: $FlowFixMe */ {
     RNCodegen = require('@react-native/codegen/lib/generators/RNCodegen.js');
   }
   if (!RNCodegen) {
-    throw 'RNCodegen not found.';
+    throw new Error('RNCodegen not found.');
   }
   return RNCodegen;
 }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function getCombineJSToSchema() /*: $FlowFixMe */ {
     combineJSToSchema = require('@react-native/codegen/lib/cli/combine/combine-js-to-schema.js');
   }
   if (!combineJSToSchema) {
-    throw 'combine-js-to-schema not found.';
+    throw new Error('combine-js-to-schema not found.');
   }
   return combineJSToSchema;
 }
diff --git a/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/generate-artifacts-executor/utils.js b/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/generate-artifacts-executor/utils.js
index 97a4b89c540e..680f8a6d295d 100644
--- a/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/generate-artifacts-executor/utils.js
+++ b/packages/react-native/scripts/codegen/generate-artifacts-executor/utils.js
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ const codegenLog = (text /*: string */, info /*: boolean */ = false) => {
 function readPkgJsonInDirectory(dir /*: string */) /*: $FlowFixMe */ {
   const pkgJsonPath = path.join(dir, 'package.json');
   if (!fs.existsSync(pkgJsonPath)) {
-    throw `[Codegen] Error: ${pkgJsonPath} does not exist.`;
+    throw new Error(`[Codegen] Error: ${pkgJsonPath} does not exist.`);
   }
   return JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(pkgJsonPath, 'utf8'));
 }
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ function findProjectRootLibraries(
   }
 
   if (typeof pkgJson.codegenConfig !== 'object') {
-    throw 'The "codegenConfig" field must be an Object.';
+    throw new Error('The "codegenConfig" field must be an Object.');
   }
 
   return extractLibrariesFromJSON(pkgJson, projectRoot);
diff --git a/packages/rn-tester/NativeModuleExample/NativeScreenshotManager.js b/packages/rn-tester/NativeModuleExample/NativeScreenshotManager.js
index a04cca85a831..0f6b0682777a 100644
--- a/packages/rn-tester/NativeModuleExample/NativeScreenshotManager.js
+++ b/packages/rn-tester/NativeModuleExample/NativeScreenshotManager.js
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ export function takeScreenshot(
   if (NativeModule != null) {
     return NativeModule.takeScreenshot(id, options);
   }
-  return Promise.reject();
+  return Promise.reject(new Error('ScreenshotManager is not defined.'));
 }
diff --git a/packages/rn-tester/js/examples/ContentURLAndroid/ContentURLAndroid.js b/packages/rn-tester/js/examples/ContentURLAndroid/ContentURLAndroid.js
index 81f88a78bf16..69bce4cd0220 100644
--- a/packages/rn-tester/js/examples/ContentURLAndroid/ContentURLAndroid.js
+++ b/packages/rn-tester/js/examples/ContentURLAndroid/ContentURLAndroid.js
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ function blobToBase64(blob: Blob) {
       if (typeof result === 'string') {
         resolve(result);
       } else {
-        reject('error: incompatible types');
+        reject(new Error('error: incompatible types'));
       }
     };
     reader.readAsDataURL(blob);