gh-40450: Update Polymake from 4.12 to 4.14
    
<!-- ^ Please provide a concise and informative title. -->
<!-- ^ Don't put issue numbers in the title, do this in the PR
description below. -->
<!-- ^ For example, instead of "Fixes #12345" use "Introduce new method
to calculate 1 + 2". -->
<!-- v Describe your changes below in detail. -->
<!-- v Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
-->polymake 4.12 do not support perl 5.4.0. Update to polymake 4.14
<!-- v If this PR resolves an open issue, please link to it here. For
example, "Fixes #12345". -->Fixes #40449



### 📝 Checklist

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- [x] The title is concise and informative.
- [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
- [x] I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.
- [ ] I have created tests covering the changes.
- [ ] I have updated the documentation and checked the documentation
preview.

### ⌛ Dependencies
    
URL: #40450
Reported by: Chenxin Zhong
Reviewer(s):

Author: Release Manager

build/pkgs/polymake/checksums.ini

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 tarball=polymake-VERSION-minimal.tar.bz2
-sha1=aa1a153fac97a9faad61842f4a4232fbf444155f
-sha256=bd5a667ffca4bf7eb8d51134030ce3df3b16dd9d0e800fafdb1ce835867640d9
+sha1=03b0916fe2847d9a234c7ced72e25ab268c3dd78
+sha256=e27667719a59102c1b27f5f98fa83cd3b4147f63292940592f217151defdbf8d
 upstream_url=https://polymake.org/lib/exe/fetch.php/download/polymake-VERSION-minimal.tar.bz2
+

build/pkgs/polymake/package-version.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-4.12
+4.14