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✨ feat(demos): add TACo Account Abstraction signing demo
Add comprehensive demo showing how to integrate TACo's distributed threshold signatures with Account Abstraction wallets using MetaMask Delegation Toolkit. Features: - Single-file implementation - Real TACo testnet integration with 2-of-3 threshold - Balance tracking and fund management - ERC-4337 UserOperation signing with Pimlico bundler - Clean documentation with example output
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demos/README.md

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- [`taco-demo`](./taco-demo) - A demo of the `@nucypher/taco` library.
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- [`taco-nft-demo`](./taco-nft-demo) - A demo an NFT-based condition using the
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`@nucypher/taco` library.
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- [`taco-aa-signing`](./taco-aa-signing) - A demo showing TACo distributed signing with Account Abstraction wallets.

demos/taco-aa-signing/.env.example

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# Ethereum Sepolia RPC endpoint
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RPC_URL=https://ethereum-sepolia-rpc.publicnode.com
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# Private key for funding account (needs test ETH on Sepolia)
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PRIVATE_KEY=0x1234567890abcdef...
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# ERC-4337 bundler endpoint (Pimlico example)
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BUNDLER_URL=https://api.pimlico.io/v2/sepolia/rpc?apikey=YOUR_PIMLICO_API_KEY

demos/taco-aa-signing/README.md

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# TACo Account Abstraction Demo
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Shows how to create smart accounts with TACo's distributed threshold signatures and execute real transactions using Account Abstraction.
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## What This Demo Does
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1. **Creates Smart Account**: Uses TACo testnet signers to create a MultiSig smart account
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2. **Shows Balance Changes**: Tracks ETH balances throughout the process
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3. **Executes Real Transactions**: Transfers funds using TACo's threshold signatures
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4. **Returns Funds**: Prevents accumulation by returning funds to the original EOA
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## Quick Start
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```bash
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# Install dependencies
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npm install
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# Configure environment
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cp .env.example .env
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# Edit .env with your values
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# Run the demo
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npm start
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```
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## Configuration
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Create `.env` file:
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```env
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# Ethereum Sepolia RPC endpoint
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RPC_URL=https://ethereum-sepolia-rpc.publicnode.com
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# Private key (needs test ETH on Sepolia)
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PRIVATE_KEY=0x...
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# ERC-4337 bundler endpoint (Pimlico)
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BUNDLER_URL=https://api.pimlico.io/v2/sepolia/rpc?apikey=YOUR_KEY
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```
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## Demo Flow
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```
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🏗️ Create Smart Account with TACo Signers
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📊 Show Initial Balances
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💰 Fund Smart Account
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🔧 Prepare Transaction
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🔐 Sign with TACo Network (2-of-3 threshold)
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🚀 Execute via Account Abstraction
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📊 Show Final Balances
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🎉 Complete & Exit
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```
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## Key Features
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- **Real TACo Testnet**: Uses actual Ursula nodes as signers
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- **Threshold Signatures**: 2-of-3 distributed signing
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- **Balance Tracking**: Shows ETH movement at each step
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- **Fund Management**: Returns funds to prevent accumulation
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- **Single File**: Less than 200 lines of clean, working code
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## Code Structure
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The demo has two main helper functions:
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```typescript
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// Creates smart account with TACo signers
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createTacoSmartAccount()
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// Signs UserOperation with TACo network
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signUserOpWithTaco()
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```
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All the core logic is in `src/index.ts` - easy to understand and modify.
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## Example Output
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```
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🎬 Starting TACo Account Abstraction Demo
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🏗️ Creating TACo smart account...
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✅ Smart account created: 0x1F14beC...
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📋 Threshold: 2 signatures required
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📊 Initial Balances:
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EOA: 0.0421 ETH
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Smart Account: 0.002 ETH
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🔧 Preparing transaction...
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📋 Transfer amount: 0.001 ETH (returning funds to EOA)
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🔐 Signing with TACo network...
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✅ TACo signature collected (130 bytes)
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🚀 Executing transaction...
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✅ Transaction executed: 0xabc123...
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📊 Final Balances:
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EOA: 0.0431 ETH
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Smart Account: 0.002 ETH (reserved for gas)
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🎉 Demo completed successfully!
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```
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## Resources
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- [TACo Documentation](https://docs.taco.build)
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- [Account Abstraction (ERC-4337)](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4337)
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- [MetaMask Delegation Toolkit](https://github.com/MetaMask/delegation-toolkit)

demos/taco-aa-signing/package.json

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{
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"name": "taco-aa-signing-demo",
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"version": "0.0.0",
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"description": "A demo showing TACo distributed signing with Account Abstraction wallets",
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"private": true,
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"author": "NuCypher <[email protected]>",
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"scripts": {
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"check": "pnpm type-check",
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"start": "ts-node src/index.ts",
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"dev": "ts-node src/index.ts --debug",
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"type-check": "tsc --noEmit"
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},
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"dependencies": {
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"@metamask/delegation-toolkit": "^0.11.0",
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"@metamask/delegation-utils": "^0.11.0",
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"@nucypher/shared": "^0.6.0-alpha.2",
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"@nucypher/taco": "^0.7.0-alpha.2",
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"@nucypher/taco-auth": "^0.4.0-alpha.2",
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"dotenv": "^16.5.0",
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"ethers": "^5.8.0",
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"permissionless": "^0.2.54",
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"viem": "^2.34.0",
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"winston": "^3.17.0"
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},
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"devDependencies": {
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"@types/node": "^20.17.9",
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"ts-node": "^10.9.2",
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"typescript": "^5.7.2"
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}
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}

demos/taco-aa-signing/src/index.ts

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#!/usr/bin/env node
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import {
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Implementation,
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toMetaMaskSmartAccount,
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} from '@metamask/delegation-toolkit';
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import {
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Domain,
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SigningCoordinatorAgent,
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UserOperation,
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} from '@nucypher/shared';
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import { conditions, domains, initialize, signUserOp } from '@nucypher/taco';
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import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
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import { ethers } from 'ethers';
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import { Address, createPublicClient, http, parseEther } from 'viem';
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import {
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createBundlerClient,
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createPaymasterClient,
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} from 'viem/account-abstraction';
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import { privateKeyToAccount } from 'viem/accounts';
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import { sepolia } from 'viem/chains';
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dotenv.config();
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const SEPOLIA_CHAIN_ID = 11155111;
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const TACO_DOMAIN: Domain = domains.DEVNET;
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const COHORT_ID = 1;
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const AA_VERSION = 'mdt';
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async function createTacoSmartAccount(
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publicClient: any,
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localAccount: any,
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provider: ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider,
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) {
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await initialize();
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const participants = await SigningCoordinatorAgent.getParticipants(
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provider,
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TACO_DOMAIN,
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COHORT_ID,
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);
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const threshold = await SigningCoordinatorAgent.getThreshold(
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provider,
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TACO_DOMAIN,
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COHORT_ID,
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);
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const signers = participants.map((p: any) => p.operator as Address).sort();
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const smartAccount = await toMetaMaskSmartAccount({
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client: publicClient,
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implementation: Implementation.MultiSig,
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deployParams: [signers, BigInt(threshold)],
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deploySalt: '0x' as `0x${string}`,
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signatory: [{ account: localAccount }],
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});
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return { smartAccount, threshold };
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}
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async function signUserOpWithTaco(
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userOp: any,
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provider: ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider,
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) {
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const signingContext =
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await conditions.context.ConditionContext.forSigningCohort(
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provider,
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TACO_DOMAIN,
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COHORT_ID,
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SEPOLIA_CHAIN_ID,
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);
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const tacoUserOp: UserOperation = {
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sender: userOp.sender,
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nonce: Number(userOp.nonce),
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factory: userOp.factory || '0x',
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factoryData: userOp.factoryData || '0x',
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callData: userOp.callData,
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callGasLimit: Number(userOp.callGasLimit),
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verificationGasLimit: Number(userOp.verificationGasLimit),
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preVerificationGas: Number(userOp.preVerificationGas),
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maxFeePerGas: Number(userOp.maxFeePerGas),
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maxPriorityFeePerGas: Number(userOp.maxPriorityFeePerGas),
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paymaster: userOp.paymaster || '0x',
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paymasterVerificationGasLimit: Number(
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userOp.paymasterVerificationGasLimit || 0,
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),
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paymasterPostOpGasLimit: Number(userOp.paymasterPostOpGasLimit || 0),
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paymasterData: userOp.paymasterData || '0x',
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signature: '0x',
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};
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return await signUserOp(
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provider,
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TACO_DOMAIN,
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COHORT_ID,
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SEPOLIA_CHAIN_ID,
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tacoUserOp,
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AA_VERSION,
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signingContext,
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);
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}
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async function logBalances(
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provider: ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider,
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eoaAddress: string,
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smartAccountAddress: string,
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) {
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const eoaBalance = await provider.getBalance(eoaAddress);
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const smartAccountBalance = await provider.getBalance(smartAccountAddress);
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console.log(`\n💳 EOA Balance: ${ethers.utils.formatEther(eoaBalance)} ETH`);
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console.log(`🏦 Smart Account: ${ethers.utils.formatEther(smartAccountBalance)} ETH\n`);
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}
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async function main() {
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try {
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const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(process.env.RPC_URL!);
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const localAccount = privateKeyToAccount(
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process.env.PRIVATE_KEY as `0x${string}`,
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);
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const publicClient = createPublicClient({
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chain: sepolia,
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transport: http(process.env.RPC_URL),
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});
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const paymasterClient = createPaymasterClient({
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transport: http(process.env.BUNDLER_URL),
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});
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const bundlerClient = createBundlerClient({
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transport: http(process.env.BUNDLER_URL),
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paymaster: paymasterClient,
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chain: sepolia,
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});
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const fee = {
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maxFeePerGas: parseEther('0.00001'),
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maxPriorityFeePerGas: parseEther('0.000001'),
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};
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console.log('🔧 Creating TACo smart account...\n');
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const { smartAccount, threshold } = await createTacoSmartAccount(
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publicClient,
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localAccount,
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provider,
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);
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console.log(`✅ Smart account created: ${smartAccount.address}`);
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console.log(`🔐 Threshold: ${threshold} signatures required\n`);
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await logBalances(provider, localAccount.address, smartAccount.address);
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const smartAccountBalance = await provider.getBalance(smartAccount.address);
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if (smartAccountBalance.lt(ethers.utils.parseEther('0.01'))) {
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console.log('💰 Funding smart account...');
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const eoaWallet = new ethers.Wallet(
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process.env.PRIVATE_KEY as string,
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provider,
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);
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const fundTx = await eoaWallet.sendTransaction({
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to: smartAccount.address,
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value: ethers.utils.parseEther('0.001'),
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});
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await fundTx.wait();
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console.log(`✅ Funded successfully!\n🔗 Tx: ${fundTx.hash}`);
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await logBalances(provider, localAccount.address, smartAccount.address);
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}
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const currentBalance = await provider.getBalance(smartAccount.address);
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const gasReserve = ethers.utils.parseEther('0.0005');
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const transferAmount = currentBalance.gt(gasReserve)
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? currentBalance.sub(gasReserve)
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: parseEther('0.0001');
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console.log('📝 Preparing transaction...');
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const userOp = await bundlerClient.prepareUserOperation({
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account: smartAccount,
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calls: [
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{
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target: localAccount.address,
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value: transferAmount,
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data: '0x',
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},
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],
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...fee,
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verificationGasLimit: BigInt(500_000),
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});
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console.log(`💸 Transfer amount: ${ethers.utils.formatEther(transferAmount)} ETH\n`);
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console.log('🔏 Signing with TACo...');
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const signature = await signUserOpWithTaco(userOp, provider);
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console.log(`✅ Signature collected (${signature.aggregatedSignature.length / 2 - 1} bytes)\n`);
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console.log('🚀 Executing transaction...');
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const userOpHash = await bundlerClient.sendUserOperation({
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...userOp,
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signature: signature.aggregatedSignature as `0x${string}`,
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});
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console.log(`📝 UserOp Hash: ${userOpHash}`);
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const { receipt } = await bundlerClient.waitForUserOperationReceipt({
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hash: userOpHash,
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});
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console.log(`\n🎉 Transaction successful!`);
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console.log(`🔗 Tx: ${receipt.transactionHash}`);
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console.log(`🌐 View on Etherscan: https://sepolia.etherscan.io/tx/${receipt.transactionHash}\n`);
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await logBalances(provider, localAccount.address, smartAccount.address);
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console.log('✨ Demo completed successfully! ✨');
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process.exit(0);
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} catch (error: any) {
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console.error(`❌ Demo failed: ${error.message}`);
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process.exit(1);
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}
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}
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if (require.main === module) {
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main();
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}
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{
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"extends": "../../tsconfig.json",
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"include": ["src"],
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"compilerOptions": {
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"outDir": "dist",
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"rootDir": "src",
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"noEmit": true
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},
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"references": [
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{
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"path": "../../packages/taco/tsconfig.cjs.json"
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}
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]
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}

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