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Connection permit leak on TLS handshake failure causes per-host denial of service

Moderate
hyperxpro published GHSA-gcmv-gr82-6m8v Aug 9, 2026

Package

maven org.asynchttpclient:async-http-client (Maven)

Affected versions

>= 3.0.8, <= 3.0.11

Patched versions

3.0.12

Description

Impact

If a connection limit is set (maxConnections or maxConnectionsPerHost greater than zero), the client leaks one connection permit every time a TLS connection attempt fails before the handshake completes. Permits are never returned on those paths, so they accumulate until the limit is reached, after which later requests are rejected with no connection actually open.

With a per-host limit, enough failed attempts against one host permanently lock the client out of that host, and a transient on-path attacker can inflict a lockout that persists after they leave. With a global limit, which is a common production setting, failing attempts against a single attacker-reachable host, for example a user-supplied webhook or an SSRF-influenced URL that the client retries, drain the shared pool and block the client from reaching every host. With the default connection limit of unlimited there is no leak.

Affected versions

  • 3.x: 3.0.8 through 3.0.11

Earlier 3.0.x releases are not affected, and neither is the 2.x line: both bind the permit to the channel close future immediately, before any failure path can run. The regression was introduced with the HTTP/2 multiplexing rework first released in 3.0.8, which moved that binding into the handshake-success branches.

Patches

Fixed in 3.0.12. The permit is bound to the channel as soon as it leaves the request future, and is released exactly once on every exit path.

Workarounds

Leave connection limits at the default (unlimited), or avoid connecting to untrusted hosts that can fail the handshake at will.

Details

NettyConnectListener moved the permit out of the future at the start of onSuccess, but only attached the release listener inside the handshake-success branches. Every failure exit routed to onFailure, which closed the channel and aborted the request; because the permit had already been taken out of the future, the future's own release was a no-op and the permit was orphaned. Reported publicly as issue #2189.

Severity

Moderate

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE ID

CVE-2026-85718

Weaknesses

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. Learn more on MITRE.

Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime

The product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed. Learn more on MITRE.

Credits