Add low-level wrappers for BLAS and LAPACK

[amontoison]

Superseed #1386
cc @ViralBShah @langou

[ViralBShah]

The @ccall macro is bit annoying. I suppose this would have been simpler to do with just ccall. @amontoison Did you auto-generate these from some spec file?

[amontoison]

Hello @ViralBShah, I autogenerated them from a custom Julia script that directly parse the Fortran files in Reference-LAPACK.
I will regenerate them with only ccalldirectly.

Note that that I will visit @langou next month during ten days and we plan to work on that.

[ViralBShah]

There are a few lapack calls with one argument that need fixing too. Perhaps the generator script can be updated? It would be nice to have a gen directory where the generator scripts could be checked in.

In theory, we can use Clang.jl to automatically generate the entire API for CBLAS.

[amontoison]

@ViralBShah I can upload my Fortran parser of F77 but I need to clean it a little bit.
We could the wrappers for CBLAS but we don't use any routine of it in Julia so it will just add more functions in LinearAlgebra.

What would be great to have the "buffer" version of the LAPACK routines with LAPACKE.
But it means a quite big revamp of LinearAlgebra and I am scared that a few people complain.

[ViralBShah]

The reason to do cblas would be then to wrap that into the low level Julia interface and have Linear Algebra use that and delete the fortran bindings altogether.

The LAPACKE style overhaul can easily be done in a new external package.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 65.65097% with 124 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 78.19%. Comparing base (ed53855) to head (bc9f2f9).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/libblas.jl	61.72%	124 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1403       +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage   93.88%   78.19%   -15.70%     
===========================================
  Files          34       36        +2     
  Lines       15891    20215     +4324     
===========================================
+ Hits        14920    15807      +887     
- Misses        971     4408     +3437     

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[ViralBShah]

We'll also need to see the impact this has on system image size.

[amontoison]

All wrappers are removed in blas.jl and liblapack.jl so it is more modular now if we want to rely on CBLAS / LAPACKE.
Yes, the system image size could be an issue.

[ViralBShah]

The tests are all passing now. I will check the system size impact. Hopefully it isn’t much.

Given that it is all working now, perhaps not much incentive to change to cblas now, but this puts us in a really good position to do it whenever we need to.