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Improve section 1.2 of the course #19

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Improve section 1.2 of the course
google-labs-jules[bot] Aug 6, 2025
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fmind Aug 7, 2025
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Delete docs/1. Initializing/1.2. uv.md.bak
fmind Aug 7, 2025
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60 changes: 60 additions & 0 deletions GEMINI.md
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# Python Version

This projects uses Python 3.11

# Style Guide

Respect the following markdownlint rules:

- **[MD001](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md001.md)** _heading-increment_ - Heading levels should only increment by one level at a time
- **[MD003](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md003.md)** _heading-style_ - Heading style
- **[MD004](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md004.md)** _ul-style_ - Unordered list style
- **[MD005](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md005.md)** _list-indent_ - Inconsistent indentation for list items at the same level
- **[MD007](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md007.md)** _ul-indent_ - Unordered list indentation
- **[MD009](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md009.md)** _no-trailing-spaces_ - Trailing spaces
- **[MD010](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md010.md)** _no-hard-tabs_ - Hard tabs
- **[MD011](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md011.md)** _no-reversed-links_ - Reversed link syntax
- **[MD012](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md012.md)** _no-multiple-blanks_ - Multiple consecutive blank lines
- **[MD013](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md013.md)** _line-length_ - Line length
- **[MD014](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md014.md)** _commands-show-output_ - Dollar signs used before commands without showing output
- **[MD018](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md018.md)** _no-missing-space-atx_ - No space after hash on atx style heading
- **[MD019](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md019.md)** _no-multiple-space-atx_ - Multiple spaces after hash on atx style heading
- **[MD020](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md020.md)** _no-missing-space-closed-atx_ - No space inside hashes on closed atx style heading
- **[MD021](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md021.md)** _no-multiple-space-closed-atx_ - Multiple spaces inside hashes on closed atx style heading
- **[MD022](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md022.md)** _blanks-around-headings_ - Headings should be surrounded by blank lines
- **[MD023](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md023.md)** _heading-start-left_ - Headings must start at the beginning of the line
- **[MD024](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md024.md)** _no-duplicate-heading_ - Multiple headings with the same content
- **[MD025](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md025.md)** _single-title/single-h1_ - Multiple top-level headings in the same document
- **[MD026](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md026.md)** _no-trailing-punctuation_ - Trailing punctuation in heading
- **[MD027](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md027.md)** _no-multiple-space-blockquote_ - Multiple spaces after blockquote symbol
- **[MD028](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md028.md)** _no-blanks-blockquote_ - Blank line inside blockquote
- **[MD029](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md029.md)** _ol-prefix_ - Ordered list item prefix
- **[MD030](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md030.md)** _list-marker-space_ - Spaces after list markers
- **[MD031](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md031.md)** _blanks-around-fences_ - Fenced code blocks should be surrounded by blank lines
- **[MD032](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md032.md)** _blanks-around-lists_ - Lists should be surrounded by blank lines
- **[MD033](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md033.md)** _no-inline-html_ - Inline HTML
- **[MD034](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md034.md)** _no-bare-urls_ - Bare URL used
- **[MD035](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md035.md)** _hr-style_ - Horizontal rule style
- **[MD036](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md036.md)** _no-emphasis-as-heading_ - Emphasis used instead of a heading
- **[MD037](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md037.md)** _no-space-in-emphasis_ - Spaces inside emphasis markers
- **[MD038](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md038.md)** _no-space-in-code_ - Spaces inside code span elements
- **[MD039](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md039.md)** _no-space-in-links_ - Spaces inside link text
- **[MD040](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md040.md)** _fenced-code-language_ - Fenced code blocks should have a language specified
- **[MD041](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md041.md)** _first-line-heading/first-line-h1_ - First line in a file should be a top-level heading
- **[MD042](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md042.md)** _no-empty-links_ - No empty links
- **[MD043](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md043.md)** _required-headings_ - Required heading structure
- **[MD044](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md044.md)** _proper-names_ - Proper names should have the correct capitalization
- **[MD045](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md045.md)** _no-alt-text_ - Images should have alternate text (alt text)
- **[MD046](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md046.md)** _code-block-style_ - Code block style
- **[MD047](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md047.md)** _single-trailing-newline_ - Files should end with a single newline character
- **[MD048](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md048.md)** _code-fence-style_ - Code fence style
- **[MD049](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md049.md)** _emphasis-style_ - Emphasis style
- **[MD050](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md050.md)** _strong-style_ - Strong style
- **[MD051](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md051.md)** _link-fragments_ - Link fragments should be valid
- **[MD052](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md052.md)** _reference-links-images_ - Reference links and images should use a label that is defined
- **[MD053](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md053.md)** _link-image-reference-definitions_ - Link and image reference definitions should be needed
- **[MD054](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md054.md)** _link-image-style_ - Link and image style
- **[MD055](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md055.md)** _table-pipe-style_ - Table pipe style
- **[MD056](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md056.md)** _table-column-count_ - Table column count
- **[MD058](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md058.md)** _blanks-around-tables_ - Tables should be surrounded by blank lines
- **[MD059](https://github.com/DavidAnson/markdownlint/blob/main/doc/md059.md)** _descriptive-link-text_ - Link text should be descriptive
176 changes: 89 additions & 87 deletions docs/1. Initializing/1.2. uv.md
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description: Discover uv, a fast and versatile Python package manager and project manager designed to streamline your development workflow. Learn how to install it and use it as a drop-in replacement for pip, venv, pipx, and pyenv.
---

# 1.2. uv
# 1.2. uv ⚡️

## What is uv?
## 🤔 What is uv?

[uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) is an extremely fast Python package installer and resolver, written in Rust, designed to be a drop-in replacement for `pip`, `pipx`, `venv`, and `pyenv`. Created by [Astral](https://astral.sh/), the same team behind the high-performance linter [Ruff](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/), `uv` aims to significantly speed up and simplify Python project management. It offers a unified toolchain that handles virtual environments, dependency resolution, package installation, and more, all while providing exceptional performance.
[uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) is an extremely fast Python package installer and resolver, written in Rust. It's designed as a drop-in replacement for `pip`, `pip-tools`, `pipx`, `venv`, and `virtualenv`, with `pyenv` support coming soon. Created by [Astral](https://astral.sh/), the same team behind the high-performance linter [Ruff](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/), `uv` aims to significantly speed up and simplify Python project management. It offers a unified toolchain that handles virtual environments, dependency resolution, package installation, and more, all while providing exceptional performance.

## Why should you use uv?
## 🚀 Why should you use uv?

`uv` offers several compelling advantages for Python developers, especially in the context of MLOps:
`uv` offers several compelling advantages for Python developers, especially in the context of MLOps.

| Feature | `uv` | `pip`, `venv`, `pipx`, etc. |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
| **Speed** | Blazing fast (written in Rust) | Slower (written in Python) |
| **Tooling** | Unified (all-in-one tool) | Fragmented (multiple tools) |
| **Dependency Resolution** | Advanced, high-performance resolver | Basic, can be slow for complex cases |
| **Caching** | Aggressive and efficient | Less effective |
| **Disk Space** | Efficient, uses less space | Can be bloated |

- **Performance**: `uv` is incredibly fast, often outperforming `pip`, `venv`, and `pyenv` by a significant margin. This speed translates to faster project setup, quicker dependency resolution, and reduced wait times during development and deployment.
- **Unified Toolchain**: `uv` replaces multiple tools, simplifying your development workflow. It can manage virtual environments, install packages, and resolve dependencies, all within a single command-line interface.
Expand All @@ -19,7 +27,15 @@ description: Discover uv, a fast and versatile Python package manager and projec
- **Cross-Platform Compatibility**: `uv` works seamlessly across Linux, macOS, and Windows, ensuring a consistent experience regardless of your operating system.
- **Caching**: `uv` implements aggressive caching mechanisms to avoid redundant work, further speeding up operations like package installation and environment setup.

## How to install uv?
### 💡 MLOps Benefits

In MLOps, reproducibility and speed are critical. `uv` helps on both fronts:

- **Faster CI/CD Pipelines**: By speeding up dependency installation, `uv` can significantly reduce the time your CI/CD pipelines take to run.
- **Consistent Environments**: `uv`'s fast and reliable dependency resolution ensures that you can create consistent and reproducible environments for your machine learning models.
- **Simplified Dependency Management**: No more juggling multiple tools. `uv` simplifies your `pyproject.toml` or `requirements.txt` management.

## 📦 How to install uv?

[Installing `uv` is straightforward](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/). The recommended method is to use the official installation script, which automatically detects your operating system and installs the appropriate version:

Expand All @@ -41,119 +57,105 @@ Once installed, verify the installation by checking the version:
uv --version
```

## How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for pip?
## 🥧 How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for pip?

`uv` can be used as a direct replacement for many common `pip` commands. Here's how:

- **Installing packages**:

```bash
uv pip install requests numpy pandas
```

```bash
uv pip install requests numpy pandas
```
- **Uninstalling packages**:

```bash
uv pip uninstall requests
```

```bash
uv pip uninstall requests
```
- **Listing installed packages**:

```bash
uv pip freeze
```

```bash
uv pip freeze
```
- **Updating packages**:

```bash
uv pip install --upgrade requests
```

```bash
uv pip install --upgrade requests
```
- **Installing packages from a `requirements.txt` file**:
```bash
uv pip install -r requirements.txt
```

```bash
uv pip install -r requirements.txt
```

## How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for venv?
## 🌳 How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for venv?

`uv` can also replace `venv` for creating and managing virtual environments:

- **Creating a virtual environment**:

```bash
uv venv
```

This command creates a new virtual environment in the `.venv` directory by default. You can customize the location using the `--python` flag to specify a Python interpreter path.

```bash
uv venv
```
This command creates a new virtual environment in the `.venv` directory by default. You can customize the location or specify a Python interpreter:
```bash
uv venv --python 3.11
```
- **Activating the virtual environment**:

The activation process depends on your shell. For example, on bash:

```bash
source .venv/bin/activate
```

The activation process is the same as with `venv`. On macOS and Linux:
```bash
source .venv/bin/activate
```
On Windows:
```powershell
.venv\Scripts\Activate
```
- **Listing available Python interpreters**:
```bash
uv python list
```

```bash
uv python list
```

## How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for pipx?
## 🛠️ How to use uv as a drop-in replacement for pipx?

`uv` can also replace `pipx` for installing and managing globally available Python tools:

- **Installing a tool globally**:

```bash
uv tool install ruff
```

```bash
uv tool install ruff
```
- **Listing globally installed tools**:

```bash
uv tool list
```

```bash
uv tool list
```
- **Running a tool without installing it**:
This is useful for one-off commands without cluttering your global environment.
```bash
uv tool run ruff --version
```

```bash
uv tool run ruff --version
```

## How to install a Python version with uv?
## 🐍 How to install a Python version with uv?

`uv` can also be used to install specific Python versions, similar to `pyenv`. This is particularly useful when you need to test your code against different Python environments or when a project requires a specific Python version that is not your system's default.

- **Installing a specific Python version**:

```bash
uv python install 3.13
```

This command downloads and installs Python 3.13. You can then use this version to create virtual environments or run scripts.

```bash
uv python install 3.13
```
This command downloads and installs Python 3.13. You can then use this version to create virtual environments or run scripts.
- **Listing available Python versions**:

```bash
uv python list
```

```bash
uv python list
```
- **Listing installed Python versions**:

```bash
uv python list --only-installed
```

```bash
uv python list --only-installed
```
- **Removing a specific Python version**:
```bash
uv python remove 3.13
```

```bash
uv python remove 3.13
```
## 🎯 Key Takeaways

- **`uv` is a fast, all-in-one tool** for Python package and project management.
- It can replace `pip`, `venv`, `pipx`, and more, simplifying your workflow.
- In MLOps, `uv` shines by **speeding up CI/CD pipelines** and ensuring **reproducible environments**.
- Adopting `uv` can lead to a more efficient and streamlined development process.

## uv additional resources
## 📚 uv additional resources

- **[uv Documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/)**: The official documentation provides comprehensive information on all `uv` features and commands.
- **[Poetry Was Good, Uv Is Better: An MLOps Migration Story](https://medium.com/@fmind/poetry-was-good-uv-is-better-an-mlops-migration-story-f52bf0c6c703)**
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