CC-2015: Fix vcpkg caching issue; Update C/C++ Dockerfiles to gcc:15.2.0-trixie

[andy1li]

CC-2015: Fix vcpkg caching issue; Update C/C++ Dockerfiles to gcc:15.2.0-trixie

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Note

Update C/C++ Dockerfiles to gcc:15.2-trixie, add compile step, and remove vcpkg cache move to address caching issues.

• Dockerfiles:
  • Base image: Update dockerfiles/c-23.Dockerfile and dockerfiles/cpp-23.Dockerfile from gcc:14.3.0-bookworm to gcc:15.2.0-trixie.
  • Build step: Add RUN .codecrafters/compile.sh before caching.
  • Caching: Remove move of vcpkg_installed into cache (previous mv /app/vcpkg_installed ... lines deleted), retaining only build directory caching.

^{Written by Cursor Bugbot for commit 4fb331c. This will update automatically on new commits. Configure here.}

[linear]

CC-2015 Fix vcpkg caching issue; Update C/C++ Dockerfiles to gcc:15.2.0-trixie