add radix sort algorithm

sort/radix_sort.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+'''
+Radix Sort
+
+    d - size of number places
+    b - number system base
+
+    example: 
+            104
+           /   \
+        d = 3  b = 10
+
+    Time Complexity
+        O(d * (n+b))
+    Space Complexity
+        O(2^d + n)
+'''
+
+# Define the counting_sort function to perform counting sort
+def counting_sort(array, exp):
+    length = len(array)
+    output = [0] * length
+    count = [0] * 10
+
+    # Count the occurrences of each digit at the current position
+    for i in range(length):
+        index = int(array[i] / exp)
+        count[index % 10] += 1
+
+    # Calculate cumulative counts to determine the correct positions
+    for i in range(1, 10):
+        count[i] += count[i - 1]
+
+    # Build the sorted output array based on the counts
+    for i in range(length - 1, -1, -1):
+        index = int(array[i] / exp)
+        output[count[index % 10] - 1] = array[i]
+        count[index % 10] -= 1
+
+    # Copy the sorted values back to the original array
+    for i in range(length):
+        array[i] = output[i]
+
+    return array
+
+# Define the radix_sort function to perform radix sort
+def radix_sort(array):
+    max_value = max(array)
+    min_value = min(array)
+    exp = 1
+
+    # If there are negative numbers, make all numbers positive for sorting
+    if min_value < 0:
+        array = [x - min_value for x in array]
+        max_value -= min_value
+
+    # Perform radix sort by iterating through each digit position
+    while max_value // exp > 0:
+        counting_sort(array, exp)
+        exp *= 10
+
+    # If there were negative numbers, convert the sorted values back
+    if min_value < 0:
+        array = [x + min_value for x in array]
+
+    return array
+
+
+array = [1, 5, 65, 23, 57, 1232, -1, -5, -2, 242, 100, 4, 423, 2, 564, 9, 0, 10, 43, 64]
+print(radix_sort(array))