Real World Asset (RWA) Tokenization Contract

A comprehensive Solana smart contract built with Anchor framework for tokenizing real-world assets. This contract enables the digitization of physical and intangible assets into blockchain-based tokens with built-in compliance, KYC verification, and transfer controls.

Architecture

The contract is structured around three main components:

Core States

• RwaConfig: Global configuration for RWA tokenization parameters
• AssetRecord: Individual asset metadata and compliance status
• UserProfile: User KYC and accreditation information

Key Features

• Asset Tokenization: Convert real-world assets into SPL tokens
• KYC/AML Compliance: Built-in user verification system
• Multi-Asset Support: Real estate, equipment, commodities, art, IP, and more
• Custody Integration: Support for multiple custody providers
• Oracle Integration: Real-time asset valuation updates
• Transfer Hooks: Custom transfer logic with compliance checks
• Fee Management: Configurable tokenization and transfer fees

Getting Started

Prerequisites

• Rust (latest stable)
• Solana CLI (v1.18+)
• Anchor Framework (v0.31.1)
• Node.js (v16+)
• Yarn

Installation

1. Clone the repository

   git clone <repository-url>
   cd rwa_contract

2. Install dependencies

   yarn install

3. Build the program

   anchor build

4. Deploy to localnet

   anchor deploy

Configuration

The contract supports various asset classes:

• RealEstate - Properties, land, buildings
• Equipment - Machinery, vehicles, tools
• Commodity - Gold, oil, agricultural products
• ArtAndCollectibles - Artwork, antiques, collectibles
• IntellectualProperty - Patents, copyrights, trademarks
• Infrastructure - Utilities, transportation assets
• Other - Custom asset types

Usage

1. Initialize RWA Configuration

Set up the global configuration for your RWA platform:

await program.methods
  .initializeRwaConfig({
    transferFeeBps: 100,          // 1% transfer fee
    kycRequired: true,
    accreditationRequired: false,
    kycProvider: [kycProviderPubkey],
    custodyProvider: [custodyProviderPubkey],
    oracleProgram: oracleProgramPubkey,
    tokenizationFeeBps: 50,       // 0.5% tokenization fee
    assetClass: { realEstate: {} }
  })
  .accounts({
    rwaConfig: rwaConfigPda,
    admin: adminKeypair.publicKey,
    systemProgram: SystemProgram.programId,
  })
  .signers([adminKeypair])
  .rpc();

2. User KYC Verification

Verify users before they can participate:

await program.methods
  .verifyUserKyc()
  .accounts({
    userProfile: userProfilePda,
    user: userKeypair.publicKey,
    kycProvider: kycProviderKeypair.publicKey,
    rwaConfig: rwaConfigPda,
    systemProgram: SystemProgram.programId,
  })
  .signers([kycProviderKeypair])
  .rpc();

3. Initialize Tokenization Request

Create a tokenization request for an asset:

await program.methods
  .initializeTokenizeRequest({
    assetId: "PROP001",
    name: "Downtown Office Building",
    valuation: new anchor.BN(1000000), // $1M
    totalSupply: new anchor.BN(1000000), // 1M tokens
    metadataUri: "https://example.com/metadata.json",
  })
  .accounts({
    assetRecord: assetRecordPda,
    creator: creatorKeypair.publicKey,
    rwaConfig: rwaConfigPda,
    systemProgram: SystemProgram.programId,
  })
  .signers([creatorKeypair])
  .rpc();

4. Asset Verification

Compliance officers can verify submitted assets:

await program.methods
  .verifyAsset()
  .accounts({
    assetRecord: assetRecordPda,
    complianceOfficer: complianceOfficerKeypair.publicKey,
    rwaConfig: rwaConfigPda,
  })
  .signers([complianceOfficerKeypair])
  .rpc();

5. Tokenize Verified Asset

Convert the verified asset into SPL tokens:

await program.methods
  .tokenizeAsset({
    tokenName: "Office Building Token",
    tokenSymbol: "OBT",
    tokenDecimals: 6,
    metadataUri: "https://example.com/token-metadata.json",
  })
  .accounts({
    assetRecord: assetRecordPda,
    mint: mintKeypair.publicKey,
    creator: creatorKeypair.publicKey,
    rwaConfig: rwaConfigPda,
    // ... other required accounts
  })
  .signers([creatorKeypair, mintKeypair])
  .rpc();

6. Mint Asset Tokens

Mint tokens to authorized users:

await program.methods
  .mintAsset(new anchor.BN(1000)) // Mint 1000 tokens
  .accounts({
    assetRecord: assetRecordPda,
    mint: mintPubkey,
    userTokenAccount: userTokenAccountPubkey,
    custodyOfficer: custodyOfficerKeypair.publicKey,
    // ... other required accounts
  })
  .signers([custodyOfficerKeypair])
  .rpc();

🧪 Testing

Run the comprehensive test suite:

# Run Anchor tests
anchor test

# Run LiteSVM tests for faster iteration
cd litesvm_tests
cargo test

The test suite covers:

• Configuration initialization
• User KYC processes
• Asset tokenization workflow
• Transfer restrictions and compliance
• Fee calculations
• Error handling scenarios

Program Instructions

Instruction	Description
initialize_rwa_config	Set up global RWA configuration
verify_user_kyc	Verify user KYC status
initialize_tokenize_request	Create asset tokenization request
verify_asset	Compliance verification of assets
tokenize_asset	Convert verified asset to SPL token
mint_asset	Mint tokens to authorized users
transfer_hook	Custom transfer validation logic

🔧 Development

Project Structure

rwa_contract/
├── programs/rwa_contract/
│   ├── src/
│   │   ├── args/          # Instruction arguments
│   │   ├── instructions/  # Program instructions
│   │   ├── states/        # Account structures
│   │   ├── error.rs       # Custom errors
│   │   ├── events.rs      # Program events
│   │   └── lib.rs         # Main program entry
├── tests/                 # Anchor integration tests
├── litesvm_tests/         # Fast unit tests
└── target/                # Build artifacts

Adding New Asset Classes

1. Extend the AssetClass enum in states/rwa_config.rs
2. Update validation logic in relevant instructions
3. Add test cases for the new asset class

Custom Transfer Logic

The contract implements SPL Token 2022 transfer hooks for:

• KYC compliance checking
• Transfer restrictions
• Fee collection
• Audit logging

Security Considerations

• Access Control: Role-based permissions for different operations
• Input Validation: Comprehensive validation of all user inputs
• Oracle Security: Trusted oracle integration for asset valuations
• Transfer Restrictions: Configurable compliance-based transfer controls
• Audit Trail: Complete event logging for regulatory compliance

License

This project is licensed under the ISC License.

Contributing

1. Fork the repository
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -m 'Add some amazing feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin feature/amazing-feature)
5. Open a Pull Request

📞 Support

For questions and support, please open an issue in the repository or contact the development team.

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⚠️ Disclaimer: This software is provided as-is for educational and development purposes. Please ensure proper security audits and regulatory compliance before using in production environments.