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Merged
hachimamma merged 4 commits into from
Nov 7, 2025
Merged

Dev #3

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41c83e2
UPDATE: added manual controls for blackhole
hachimamma Nov 7, 2025
c86cdcc
FIX: optimized the blackhole to higher fps
hachimamma Nov 7, 2025
354a274
FIX/: 512 rays steps + 10 octaves of noise
hachimamma Nov 7, 2025
b2e2cbb
UPDATE: final changes before further optimization
hachimamma Nov 7, 2025
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262 changes: 180 additions & 82 deletions blackhole/main.cpp
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
// blackhole/main.cpp
#ifdef __APPLE__
#define GL_SILENCE_DEPRECATION
#include <OpenGL/gl3.h>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -30,11 +31,14 @@ out vec4 FragColor;
in vec2 uv;
uniform float t;
uniform vec3 cam;
uniform vec2 res;

const float sr = 0.15;
const float eh = 0.2;
const float di = 0.4;
const float do_ = 3.5;
const float sr = 0.12;
const float eh = 0.18;
const float di = 0.35;
const float do_ = 4.5;
const int MAX_STEPS = 256;
const int LIGHT_SAMPLES = 4;

float h(vec2 p){return fract(sin(dot(p,vec2(127.1,311.7)))*43758.5453);}
float h3(vec3 p){return fract(sin(dot(p,vec3(127.1,311.7,74.7)))*43758.5453);}
Expand All @@ -50,114 +54,207 @@ float fbm(vec2 p){
float val=0,amp=.5,freq=1;
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
val+=amp*n(p*freq);
freq*=2;amp*=.5;
freq*=2.1;amp*=.48;
}
return val;
}

float fbm3(vec3 p){
float val=0,amp=.5;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
val+=amp*(h3(p)-.5);
p*=2.1;amp*=.5;
}
return val*.5+.5;
}

float getDensity(vec3 pos,float r){
float dh=abs(pos.y);
float dt=.4+.25*sin(t*.8);
if(dh>=dt||r<=di||r>=do_)return 0.;

float dn=(r-di)/(do_-di);
float av=(1./pow(dn+.05,0.4))*4.2;
float ang=atan(pos.z,pos.x)+t*av;

vec2 tc=vec2(ang*9.+t*1.6,dn*24);
float turb=fbm(tc);

vec3 p3=pos*4.;
float turb3d=fbm3(p3+t*.4);

float sp=sin(ang*22-dn*32+t*7.)*.5+.5;
float sp2=sin(ang*28+dn*22-t*5.5)*.5+.5;

float hf=1.-pow(dh/dt,1.1);
float dens=turb*turb3d*hf*(.75+sp*.25);
dens*=(1.-pow(dn,.55));

float hs=n(vec2(ang*14+t*3.5,dn*16));
float flare=n(vec2(ang*6-t*2.2,dn*9));

if(hs>.75) dens*=7.+sin(t*22.)*2.5;
if(flare>.83) dens*=5.+sp2*3.5;

return dens;
}

vec3 getColor(vec3 pos,float r,float dens){
float dn=(r-di)/(do_-di);
float ang=atan(pos.z,pos.x)+t*3.5;

float turb=fbm(vec2(ang*9.+t*1.2,dn*22));
float sp=sin(ang*22-dn*32+t*7.)*.5+.5;
float sp2=sin(ang*28+dn*22-t*5.5)*.5+.5;
float hs=n(vec2(ang*14+t*3.5,dn*16));
float flare=n(vec2(ang*6-t*2.2,dn*9));

vec3 c;
float tmp=1.-dn;

if(tmp>.85){
c=mix(vec3(.3,.5,1.6),vec3(1.5,1.6,2.),(tmp-.85)*6.66);
c+=vec3(.2,.4,2.2)*hs*6.;
c+=vec3(.6,.8,1.8)*flare*4.;
}else if(tmp>.7){
c=mix(vec3(.1,.7,1.5),vec3(.7,1.2,1.8),(tmp-.7)*6.66);
c+=vec3(.3,1.5,2.)*turb*2.;
c+=vec3(.5,.9,1.4)*sp2*1.4;
}else if(tmp>.55){
c=mix(vec3(.6,1.2,.1),vec3(1.2,1.4,.5),(tmp-.55)*6.66);
c+=vec3(1.3,1.6,.2)*sp*1.5;
c+=vec3(.8,1.2,.4)*turb*1.2;
}else if(tmp>.4){
c=mix(vec3(1.2,.7,.05),vec3(1.4,1.1,.3),(tmp-.4)*6.66);
c+=vec3(1.8,.9,.1)*turb*1.6;
c+=vec3(1.3,.8,.15)*sp2*1.;
}else if(tmp>.25){
c=mix(vec3(1.3,.4,.02),vec3(1.4,.8,.1),(tmp-.25)*6.66);
c+=vec3(1.6,.6,.05)*sp*1.1;
}else{
c=mix(vec3(.7,.02,.05),vec3(1.3,.25,.4),tmp*4.);
c+=vec3(1.4,.1,.5)*sp*.9;
c+=vec3(.9,.05,.3)*flare*.7;
}

c.r+=turb*.5+sp*.3;
c.g+=sin(ang*24+t*3.8)*.35;
c.b+=cos(ang*30-t*4.5)*.4;

return c;
}

vec3 calcLighting(vec3 pos,vec3 d,float dens){
vec3 lightDir=normalize(vec3(.3,.8,.5));

float shadow=1.;
vec3 p=pos;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
p+=lightDir*.2;
float r=length(p);
float sd=getDensity(p,r);
shadow*=exp(-sd*.3);
if(shadow<.05)break;
}

float diff=max(dot(normalize(vec3(0,1,0)),lightDir),0.)*.5+.5;
float rim=pow(1.-abs(dot(d,normalize(pos))),2.)*.3;

return vec3(diff*shadow+rim);
}

vec3 march(vec3 o,vec3 d){
vec3 pos=o;
float td=0;
vec3 col=vec3(0);
float alpha=0;

for(int i=0;i<200;i++){
for(int i=0;i<MAX_STEPS;i++){
float r=length(pos);
if(r<eh) return col;

float dh=abs(pos.y);
float dt=.25+.15*sin(t*1.2);
if(r<eh){
col+=vec3(.04,.015,.08)*(1.-alpha);
return col;
}

if(dh<dt&&r>di&&r<do_){
float dn=(r-di)/(do_-di);
float av=(1./sqrt(dn+.1))*2.5;
float ang=atan(pos.z,pos.x)+t*av;

vec2 tc=vec2(ang*6+t*.8,dn*15);
float turb=fbm(tc);
float sp=sin(ang*12-dn*20+t*4)*.5+.5;
float hf=1.-dh/dt;hf=pow(hf,2);
float dens=turb*hf*(.6+sp*.4);
dens*=(1.-dn*.5);

float hs=n(vec2(ang*8+t*2,dn*10));
if(hs>.82) dens*=4.+sin(t*15);

vec3 c;
float tmp=1.-dn;

if(tmp>.75){
c=mix(vec3(.6,.7,1),vec3(1), (tmp-.75)*4);
c+=vec3(.4,.5,1.2)*hs*3;
}else if(tmp>.6){
c=mix(vec3(.3,.9,1),vec3(.9,.95,1),(tmp-.6)*6.66);
c+=vec3(.5,1,1.2)*turb*.8;
}else if(tmp>.45){
c=mix(vec3(.8,1,.3),vec3(1,1,.7),(tmp-.45)*6.66);
c+=vec3(1,1,.4)*sp*.6;
}else if(tmp>.3){
c=mix(vec3(1,.6,.1),vec3(1,.9,.4),(tmp-.3)*6.66);
c+=vec3(1.2,.7,.2)*turb*.7;
}else{
c=mix(vec3(.5,.05,.1),vec3(1,.3,.5),tmp*3.33);
c+=vec3(1,.2,.6)*sp*.5;
}

c.r+=turb*.3;
c.g+=sin(ang*15+t*2)*.2;
c.b+=cos(ang*20-t*3)*.25;
float dens=getDensity(pos,r);

if(dens>.01){
vec3 c=getColor(pos,r,dens);
vec3 light=calcLighting(pos,d,dens);

float br=dens*(3+tmp*4);
br*=(1+sin(t*5+ang*8)*.5);
float tmp=1.-(r-di)/(do_-di);
float br=dens*(5.5+tmp*7.5);
br*=(1.+sin(t*9.+atan(pos.z,pos.x)*15.)*.75);
br*=(1.+cos(atan(pos.z,pos.x)*8.-t*3.)*.5);

vec3 dc=c*br;
float a=dens*.15;
col+=dc*a*(1-alpha);
alpha+=a*(1-alpha);
if(alpha>.95)break;
vec3 dc=c*br*light;
float a=dens*.25;
col+=dc*a*(1.-alpha);
alpha+=a*(1.-alpha);
if(alpha>.98)break;
}

float g=(sr*sr)/(r*r+.01);
float g=(sr*sr)/(r*r+.006);
vec3 gd=-normalize(pos);
d=normalize(d+gd*g*.4);
d=normalize(d+gd*g*.5);

float step=.03+r*.015;
if(r>di-.5&&r<do_+.5)step*=.4;
float step=.02+r*.01;
if(r>di-.7&&r<do_+.7)step*=.3;
pos+=d*step;
td+=step;
if(td>25)break;
if(td>35)break;
}

vec3 sd=normalize(d);
float sn=h(sd.xy*200+sd.z*100);
if(sn>.997){
float sb=(sn-.997)*1000;
vec3 sc=mix(vec3(1,.9,.8),vec3(.8,.9,1),h(sd.yz*123));
col+=sc*sb*(1-alpha);
float sn=h(sd.xy*280+sd.z*150);
if(sn>.9978){
float sb=(sn-.9978)*2000;
vec3 sc=mix(vec3(1.,.96,.88),vec3(.88,.96,1.),h(sd.yz*165));
float twinkle=.65+.35*sin(sn*1200.+t*6.);
col+=sc*sb*twinkle*(1.-alpha);
}

float bg=fbm(sd.xy*3+t*.05)*.03;
col+=vec3(.1,.05,.15)*bg*(1-alpha);
col+=vec3(.002,.003,.01)*(1-alpha);
float bg=fbm(sd.xy*5.+t*.025)*.05;
vec3 nebula=mix(vec3(.06,.03,.1),vec3(.1,.05,.15),bg);
nebula+=vec3(.02,.01,.03)*fbm(sd.yz*3.-t*.02);
col+=nebula*(1.-alpha);

col+=vec3(.0008,.0015,.006)*(1.-alpha);
return col;
}

void main(){
vec2 uv_=(uv-.5)*2;
uv_.x*=res.x/res.y;

vec3 ro=cam;
vec3 tgt=vec3(0);
vec3 fwd=normalize(tgt-ro);
vec3 rt=normalize(cross(vec3(0,1,0),fwd));
vec3 up=cross(fwd,rt);
vec3 rd=normalize(fwd+uv_.x*rt+uv_.y*up);

vec3 c=march(ro,rd);
c=c/(c+vec3(.5));
c=pow(c,vec3(.9));
c=pow(c,vec3(1./2.2));
c.r=pow(c.r,.95);
c.b=pow(c.b,1.05);
FragColor=vec4(c,1);
vec3 col=march(ro,rd);

// Advanced tone mapping (ACES filmic)
col*=2.2;
vec3 a=col*(col+.0245786)-.000090537;
vec3 b=col*(.983729*col+.4329510)+.238081;
col=a/b;

// Color grading
col=pow(col,vec3(.82));
col.r=pow(col.r,.88);
col.g=pow(col.g,.92);
col.b=pow(col.b,1.15);

// Subtle vignette
float vig=1.-length(uv_*.28);
vig=pow(vig,1.4);
col*=.25+vig*.75;

FragColor=vec4(col,1);
}
)";

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -205,7 +302,7 @@ int main(){
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR,3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE,GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

GLFWwindow* win=glfwCreateWindow(1600,900,"Black Hole",nullptr,nullptr);
GLFWwindow* win=glfwCreateWindow(1600,900,"Black Hole - Ultra Quality",nullptr,nullptr);
if(!win){
std::cerr<<"Window fail"<<std::endl;
glfwTerminate();
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -254,6 +351,13 @@ int main(){
if(glfwGetKey(win,GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE)==GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(win,true);

float tm=glfwGetTime();
float spd=tm*.6f,inw=tm*.12f;
float rad=fmax(5.5f-inw,1.2f);
float ang=spd*1.8f;
float cx=cos(ang)*rad,cz=sin(ang)*rad;
float cy=.45f+sin(spd*.4f)*.25f;

int w,h;
glfwGetFramebufferSize(win,&w,&h);
float asp=(float)w/(float)h;
Expand All @@ -263,15 +367,9 @@ int main(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glUseProgram(prog);

float tm=glfwGetTime();
float spd=tm*.8f,inw=tm*.15f;
float rad=fmax(5.0f-inw,.8f);
float ang=spd*2.0f;
float cx=cos(ang)*rad,cz=sin(ang)*rad;
float cy=.3f+sin(spd*.5f)*.5f;

glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"t"),tm);
glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"cam"),cx,cy,cz);
glUniform2f(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"res"),(float)w,(float)h);
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"m"),1,GL_FALSE,glm::value_ptr(mdl));
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"v"),1,GL_FALSE,glm::value_ptr(view));
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(prog,"p"),1,GL_FALSE,glm::value_ptr(proj));
Expand Down
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions build.ps1
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ switch ($choice) {
"1" {
$exe = "blackhole"
$title = "Blackhole Simulation"
Write-Host "`n Press ESC to exit"
}
"2" {
$exe = "fractal"
Expand Down
2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions build.sh
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Open in desktop
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ case $choice in
1)
exe="blackhole"
title="Blackhole Simulation"
echo ""
echo "Press ESC to exit"
;;
2)
exe="fractal"
Expand Down