feat: add pre-commit hook and enforce strict types across files

[gvieira18]

This pull request introduces several improvements across the codebase, focusing on enforcing stricter typing, enhancing immutability, and standardizing code style. The changes primarily affect the authentication and character modules, with additional updates to code formatting and development tooling.

Code Quality and Type Safety Improvements:

• Added declare(strict_types=1); to the top of multiple PHP files across the Heart/Authentication/OAuth and Heart/Character domains to enforce strict type checking.
• Converted several service and action classes to final and/or readonly classes to improve immutability and prevent unintended inheritance or modification.
• Refactored constructors to use property promotion and simplified method bodies, improving code clarity and reducing boilerplate.

Development Tooling and Code Style:

• Added .prettierrc and .prettierignore files to enforce consistent code formatting, including support for Blade and Tailwind CSS plugins.
• Updated .editorconfig to set tab indentation for Makefiles and .mk files, replacing previous docker-compose-specific settings.
• Introduced a .husky/pre-commit hook to run lint-staged before commits, helping catch formatting issues early.

Workflow and Environment Consistency:

• Standardized the use of single quotes in environment variables within the Laravel GitHub Actions workflow for migration and testing steps.

These changes collectively enhance code reliability, maintainability, and developer experience across the project.