Radar SNR vs. Range for Different Target RCS Values

This script calculates and plots Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) as a function of range for a monostatic radar with different target radar cross sections (RCS).

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⚙ File: radar_snr_vs_range.m

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🟣 Description

This script performs the following:

• Initializes radar parameters, including:
  • Transmitter power
  • Antenna gains
  • Carrier frequency and wavelength
  • Integrator (pulse) duration
  • Thermal noise, losses, and noise figure
• Computes the SNR across a range of distances for different RCS values.
• Plots the results on a graph of SNR (in dB) vs. range (in km).

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🟣 Main Calculations

SNR formula

The radar SNR as a function of range ( r ) is defined by:

$$ SNR(r) = \frac{ P_t \cdot G_t \cdot G_r \cdot \lambda^2 \cdot \sigma \cdot \ tau }{ (4\pi)^3 \cdot k \cdot T_s \cdot F \cdot L \cdot r^4 } $$

Where:

	Meaning
( P_t )	Transmitter power
( G_t ), ( G_r )	Transmitter and receiver antenna gains
( \lambda )	Wavelength
( \sigma )	Target radar cross-section
( T )	Integrator or pulse duration
( k )	Boltzmann's constant
( T_s )	System temperature
( F )	Noise figure
( L )	Loss
( R )	Distance to target

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🟣 Values Used in this Script:

	Values
Transmitter Power ( P_t )	20 kW
Antenna Gain ( G_t ), ( G_r )	39 dB
Operations Freq ( f )	3.2GHz
Wavelength ( \lambda )	( c / f )
Pulse Duration ( \ tau )	3ms
System Loss ( L )	6.5 dB
Noise Figure ( F )	3 dB
RCS Values ( \sigma )	-25, -15, -10 dBsm
Distance ( r )	1km to 40km
Number of points	500

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🟣 Plot

The script produces a plot of:

• SNR (in dB) on the y-axis
• Target range (in km) on the x-axis
• Separate traces for different radar cross sections (σ)

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📊Graph

Here's the Graph for this project:

🟣 How to Run

1️⃣ Open MATLAB.

2️⃣ Save this script as radar_snr_vs_range.m.

3️⃣ Run the script:

radar_snr_vs_range