BUG: upgrade to PyQt6 to fix arm64 docker build

[Alvaro-Kothe]

• closes Metadata generation failed when installing PyQt5 #61037
• Tests added and passed if fixing a bug or adding a new feature
• All code checks passed.
• Added type annotations to new arguments/methods/functions.
• Added an entry in the latest doc/source/whatsnew/vX.X.X.rst file if fixing a bug or adding a new feature.

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• The clipboard tests have passed on my machine (Fedora 42 on Wayland)
• I also refactored the qt imports to simplify the version selection
• The main goal of this PR is fix the ARM64 docker build. You may test it by running docker build --platform linux/arm64 -t pandas-dev . if you are on an x86_64 system, but be warned that the build takes very long.
• Also, I have no clue how would I type annotate the return type of the _import_module auxiliary function.