Delegate core Catalogs feature to Yarn native support

[parksb]

This PR implements a new catalog management system using catalogs.yml with hierarchical inheritance support.

The yarn catalogs apply command reads catalog definitions from catalogs.yml, resolves all inheritance, and writes them to .yarnrc.yml. A --dry-run flag allows previewing changes. The plugin options (default, validation, ignoredWorkspaces) are now read from the options field in catalogs.yml instead of .yarnrc.yml.

This PR removes custom catalog resolution logic and delegates it to Yarn's native Catalogs support (available since 4.10.0), while preserving the plugin's extended options features. The plugin no longer implements core catalog resolution hooks (reduceDependency, beforeWorkspacePacking).

catalogs.yml:

options:
  default: [stable/canary]
  validation: warn

list:
  root:
    lodash: npm:4.17.21

  stable:
    react: npm:18.0.0
    typescript: npm:5.1.0

  stable/canary:
    react: npm:18.2.0      # Overrides stable
    # typescript: npm:5.1.0  (inherited from stable)

  stable/canary/next:
    react: npm:18.3.0      # Overrides stable/canary
    # typescript: npm:5.1.0  (inherited from stable)

Apply to .yarnrc.yml:

$ yarn catalogs apply
✓ Applied 1 root catalog and 3 named catalog groups to .yarnrc.yml

After applying, .yarnrc.yml contains:

catalog:
  lodash: npm:4.17.21

catalogs:
  stable:
    react: npm:18.0.0
    typescript: npm:5.1.0

  stable/canary:
    react: npm:18.2.0
    typescript: npm:5.1.0 # Inherited and resolved

  stable/canary/next:
    react: npm:18.3.0
    typescript: npm:5.1.0 # Inherited and resolved

[parksb]

Moved to #31